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Factors determining the soil available water during the last two decades (1997–2019) in southern Spain
Arabian Journal of Geosciences ( IF 1.827 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-08 , DOI: 10.1007/s12517-021-08265-y
José A. Sillero-Medina 1 , José D. Ruiz-Sinoga 1 , Jesús Rodrigo-Comino 2
Affiliation  

Assessing soil hydrological conditions can provide essential information for understanding the environmental processes that affect ecosystem services and, particularly in the context of ongoing climate change. This is key in areas affected by water scarcity such as the Mediterranean belt. Therefore, the main goals of this research are (i) to assess the main rainfall dynamics and trends of some representative hotspots along with southern Spain and (ii) to determine the impact on the soil available water content (AWC) over the last two decades. An analysis of daily precipitation and soil hydrological conditions was combined with soil sampling (543) and laboratory analyses to evaluate the properties related to the soil infiltration and retention capacity. The results show that the organic factors control soil properties and their hydrodynamics in southern Spain. Furthermore, a general declining trend in soil water availability is observed over the last two decades. This is more extreme in arid and semi-arid areas, where there have been several years in the last decade with more than 200 days without the available water content. Moreover, in these areas, heavy rainfall during specific moments of the year is the key factor that manifests a greater incidence in areas with steeper slopes, which in turn, also conditions the biological factors and the hydrodynamics of the soil. In short, in the context of climate change, the analysis of soil hydrological dynamics could be used to identify biodiversity thresholds in the Mediterranean area and even to detect phenological changes in specific plant species.



中文翻译:

西班牙南部过去二十年(1997-2019)土壤可用水的决定因素

评估土壤水文条件可为了解影响生态系统服务的环境过程提供重要信息,尤其是在持续气候变化的背景下。这对于受缺水影响的地区(例如地中海带)至关重要。因此,本研究的主要目标是 (i) 评估西班牙南部一些代表性热点的主要降雨动态和趋势,以及 (ii) 确定过去二十年对土壤有效含水量 (AWC) 的影响. 每日降水和土壤水文条件的分析与土壤取样(543)和实验室分析相结合,以评估与土壤渗透和保持能力相关的特性。结果表明,有机因子控制着西班牙南部的土壤性质及其水动力。此外,在过去的 20 年中观察到土壤水分供应量普遍呈下降趋势。这在干旱和半干旱地区更为极端,在过去十年中,那里有好几年没有可用的水含量超过 200 天。此外,在这些地区,一年中特定时刻的强降雨是在坡度较陡的地区发病率更高的关键因素,这反过来也影响了土壤的生物因素和水动力。简而言之,在气候变化的背景下,土壤水文动力学分析可用于确定地中海地区的生物多样性阈值,甚至可以检测特定植物物种的物候变化。

更新日期:2021-09-09
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