In this study, a new hollow nanotube material, 30% Co–CHNTs was prepared by the impregnation–chemical reduction–calcination method. This material can be used as a peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activator to catalyse the degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX). The best reaction conditions that correspond to the degradation rate of SMX, up to 97.5%, are as follows: the concentration of SMX is 10 mg L⁻¹, the amount of catalyst is 0.20 g L⁻¹, the dosage is 1.625 mM, and the solution pH is 6.00. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) show that the calcined composites mainly stimulate an increase in the content of bivalent cobalt in PMS and reduce the leaching of cobalt ions after the reaction. Additionally, the 30% Co–CHNTs + PMS reaction system exhibits a reasonable SMX degradation rate in a natural organic matter solution and excellent stability after three repeated experiments. Furthermore, the possible degradation mechanism in the 30% Co–CHNTs + PMS reaction system was analysed through electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and free-radical capture experiments, and it was observed that the non-radical degradation of ¹O₂ plays a leading role in SMX degradation. Finally, according to the nine degradation intermediates detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS), four possible SMX degradation routes were proposed. This study proved that a 30% Co–CHNTs heterogeneous catalyst is easily prepared, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly and has potential application in antibiotic wastewater treatment.

在这项研究中，通过浸渍-化学还原-煅烧方法制备了一种新型中空纳米管材料，30% Co-CHNTs。这种材料可用作过硫酸盐 (PMS) 活化剂，以催化磺胺甲恶唑 (SMX) 的降解。对应于SMX降解率高达97.5%的最佳反应条件如下：SMX浓度为10 mg L ^-1，催化剂用量为0.20 g L ^-1，用量为1.625 mM，溶液pH为6.00。X 射线光电子能谱 (XPS) 和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱 (ICP-OES) 表明，煅烧复合材料主要刺激 PMS 中二价钴含量的增加，并减少反应后钴离子的浸出。此外，30% Co-CHNTs + PMS 反应体系在天然有机物溶液中表现出合理的 SMX 降解率和经过 3 次重复实验后的优异稳定性。此外，通过电子顺磁共振（EPR）和自由基捕获实验分析了 30% Co-CHNTs + PMS 反应体系中可能的降解机制，观察到¹ O ₂的非自由基降解在 SMX 降解中起主导作用。最后，根据液相色谱-质谱 (LC-MS) 检测到的 9 种降解中间体，提出了四种可能的 SMX 降解路线。该研究证明，30% Co-CHNTs 多相催化剂制备容易、价格低廉、环境友好，在抗生素废水处理中具有潜在的应用价值。