Bone metastasis is a serious and often lethal complication of particularly frequent carcinomas, such as breast and prostate cancers, which not only reduces survival but also worsens the patients’ quality of life. Therefore, it is important to find new and/or additional therapeutic possibilities that can counteract the colonization of bone tissue. High adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) is effective in the prevention of cancer and improves cancer patients’ health, thus, here, we considered its impact on bone metastasis. We highlighted some molecular events relevant for the development of a metastatic phenotype in cancer cells and the alterations of physiological bone remodeling, which occur during skeleton colonization. We then considered those natural compounds present in MD foods with a recognized role to inhibit or reverse the metastatic process both in in vivo and in vitro systems, and we reported the identified mechanisms of action. The knowledge of this bioactivity by the dietary components of the MD, together with its wide access to all people, could help not only to maintain healthy status but also to improve the quality of life of patients with bone metastases.

中文翻译：

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地中海饮食食品成分作为可能的辅助疗法来对抗乳腺癌和前列腺癌进展为骨转移

骨转移是特别常见的癌症（如乳腺癌和前列腺癌）的一种严重且通常致命的并发症，它不仅会降低生存率，还会恶化患者的生活质量。因此，重要的是找到可以抵消骨组织定植的新的和/或额外的治疗可能性。高度坚持地中海饮食 (MD) 可有效预防癌症并改善癌症患者的健康，因此，在这里，我们考虑了它对骨转移的影响。我们强调了一些与癌细胞中转移表型的发展和生理性骨重塑改变相关的分子事件，这些改变发生在骨骼定植过程中。然后，我们考虑了存在于 MD 食品中的那些天然化合物，它们在体内和体外系统中均具有抑制或逆转转移过程的公认作用，并报告了已确定的作用机制。MD 的饮食成分对这种生物活性的了解，以及它对所有人的广泛使用，不仅有助于保持健康状态，而且有助于改善骨转移患者的生活质量。