Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) have been studied for their application to manage various neurological diseases, owing to their anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, paracrine, and antiapoptotic ability, as well as their homing capacity to specific regions of brain injury. Among mesenchymal stem cells, such as BM-MSCs, adipose-derived MSCs, and umbilical cord MSCs, BM-MSCs have many merits as cell therapeutic agents based on their widespread availability and relatively easy attainability and in vitro handling. For stem cell-based therapy with BM-MSCs, it is essential to perform ex vivo expansion as low numbers of MSCs are obtained in bone marrow aspirates. Depending on timing, before hBM-MSC transplantation into patients, after detaching them from the culture dish, cell viability, deformability, cell size, and membrane fluidity are decreased, whereas reactive oxygen species generation, lipid peroxidation, and cytosolic vacuoles are increased. Thus, the quality and freshness of hBM-MSCs decrease over time after detachment from the culture dish. Especially, for neurological disease cell therapy, the deformability of BM-MSCs is particularly important in the brain for the development of microvessels. As studies on the traditional characteristics of hBM-MSCs before transplantation into the brain are very limited, omics and machine learning approaches are needed to evaluate cell conditions with indepth and comprehensive analyses. Here, we provide an overview of hBM-MSCs, the application of these cells to various neurological diseases, and improvements in their quality and freshness based on integrated omics after detachment from the culture dish for successful cell therapy.

中文翻译：

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提高用于神经系统疾病的人骨髓间充质干细胞的质量和新鲜度的策略

人骨髓间充质干细胞 (hBM-MSCs) 因其抗炎、免疫调节、旁分泌和抗凋亡能力以及对特定区域的归巢能力而被研究用于治疗各种神经系统疾病。脑损伤。在间充质干细胞中，例如 BM-MSC、脂肪来源的 MSC 和脐带 MSC，BM-MSC 作为细胞治疗剂具有许多优点，因为它们具有广泛的可用性、相对容易获得和体外处理。对于使用 BM-MSCs 进行基于干细胞的治疗，必须进行体外扩增，因为在骨髓抽吸物中获得的 MSCs 数量很少。根据时间，在 hBM-MSC 移植到患者体内之前，将它们从培养皿中分离后，细胞活力、变形能力、细胞大小、和膜流动性降低，而活性氧的产生、脂质过氧化和细胞溶质液泡增加。因此，从培养皿脱离后，hBM-MSCs 的质量和新鲜度会随着时间的推移而降低。特别是对于神经疾病细胞治疗，BM-MSCs 的变形能力在大脑中对于微血管的发育尤为重要。由于对移植入脑前 hBM-MSCs 的传统特征的研究非常有限，因此需要组学和机器学习方法来评估细胞状况，进行深入和全面的分析。在这里，我们概述了 hBM-MSCs，这些细胞在各种神经系统疾病中的应用，