Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are an all-solid energy conversion device from the chemical energy of fuels to electric energy at intermediate and high temperatures. Up to now, massive efforts have been made in developing different components of solid oxide fuel cells, including electrolyte, anode, cathode and interconnect materials. Rare earth elements play an indispensable role in different components of SOFCs which have been extensively studied in the recent decades. In this review, we concentrate upon the rare earth application and recent advances in SOFCs and related materials. Materials structure involves perovskites, Ruddlesden-Popper, fluorite, spinel, pyrochlore, apatite and so on. Moreover, the effects of rare earth based oxides as matrix or dopants in different components are also discussed. Structures and properties of the materials are related to the element type, valence, coordination and ion radius. This article will provide a comprehensive research direction towards SOFCs components for their composition, structural design and mechanisms research.

固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）是一种在中高温下将燃料的化学能转化为电能的全固态能量转换装置。到目前为止，已经在开发固体氧化物燃料电池的不同组件方面付出了巨大的努力，包括电解质、阳极、阴极和互连材料。稀土元素在近几十年来被广泛研究的 SOFC 的不同成分中发挥着不可或缺的作用。在这篇综述中，我们将重点关注稀土的应用以及 SOFC 和相关材料的最新进展。材料结构涉及钙钛矿、Ruddlesden-Popper、萤石、尖晶石、烧绿石、磷灰石等。此外，还讨论了稀土基氧化物作为基质或不同组分中的掺杂剂的影响。材料的结构和性质与元素类型、化合价、配位和离子半径有关。本文将为SOFCs组件的组成、结构设计和机理研究提供一个全面的研究方向。