The development of efficient electrode catalysts is of great significance for the evolution of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). In this work, Fe, N, and S co-doped porous carbon nanosheets (Fe–N–S/C) are synthesized by high-temperature sulfuration from Fe and N co-doped carbon (Fe–N/C). Fe–N–S/C not only exhibits superior oxygen reduction activity than Pt/C (20%) with a half-wave potential of 0.86 V, but also exhibits remarkable biocompatibility while facilitating electron transfer between microorganism and electrode. Satisfactorily, the MFCs with Fe–N–S/C as the catalysts for both cathode and anode show outstanding performance with a maximum power density of 923 ± 21 mW m⁻² and favorable durability after 30 days of operation. Furthermore, 16srDNA results confirm that Fe–N–S/C effectively promotes the growth of functional colonies in anode biofilms, leading to high-efficient electricity production. The development of bifunctional electrode materials in this study can improve the performance of MFCs and facilitate their practical application.

开发高效的电极催化剂对微生物燃料电池（MFCs）的发展具有重要意义。在这项工作中，铁、氮和硫共掺杂的多孔碳纳米片（Fe-N-S/C）是由铁和氮共掺杂的碳（Fe-N/C）通过高温硫化合成的。Fe-N-S/C 不仅表现出优于 Pt/C (20%) 的氧还原活性，半波电位为 0.86 V，而且还表现出显着的生物相容性，同时促进微生物和电极之间的电子转移。令人满意的是，以 Fe-N-S/C 作为阴极和阳极催化剂的 MFC 表现出出色的性能，最大功率密度为 923 ± 21 mW m ^-2运行 30 天后具有良好的耐久性。此外，16srDNA 结果证实 Fe-N-S/C 有效促进阳极生物膜中功能菌落的生长，从而实现高效发电。本研究中双功能电极材料的开发可以提高 MFCs 的性能并促进其实际应用。