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Influence of Juniper on Montezuma Quail Habitat Use in Texas
Journal of Wildlife Management ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-08 , DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.22129
Kristyn G. Stewart 1 , Fidel HernÁndez 1 , Eric D. Grahmann 2 , DAvid B. Wester 1 , Robert M. Perez 3 , Leonard A. Brennan 1 , Humberto L. Perotto‐Baldivieso 1
Affiliation  

Montezuma quail (Cyrtonyx montezumae) inhabit oak (Quercus spp.)-juniper (Juniperus spp.) woodlands throughout Mexico and the southwestern United States. In Texas, USA, Montezuma quail occur in the Edwards Plateau and Trans-Pecos Mountains and Basins (Trans-Pecos), 2 ecoregions with contrasting juniper patterns. Ashe juniper (Juniperus ashei) dominates in the Edwards Plateau and has been increasing over decades, whereas alligator juniper (Juniperus deppeana) is a co-dominant in the Trans-Pecos and appears to have stable Montezuma quail populations. Our objectives were to compare between ecoregions the relative abundance and habitat use of Montezuma quail in relation to juniper and quantify the influence of juniper on key features of Montezuma quail habitat (grass height, grass cover, forb cover, and forb species richness). We conducted a study from March–August 2018‒2020 in the Edwards Plateau (Kinney and Edwards counties) and Trans-Pecos ecoregions (Jeff Davis County) to evaluate these objectives. We conducted call-back surveys to estimate relative abundance (number of detections/hr) of Montezuma quail and identify used locations. We collected vegetation data at a micro-scale (16-m) at used (n = 32–30 points) and random locations (n = 70–60 points) in each ecoregion. Relative abundance of Montezuma quail was considerably lower in the Edwards Plateau (0.06 ± 0.01 detections/survey hr; urn:x-wiley:0022541X:media:jwmg22129:jwmg22129-math-0001± SE) than in the Trans-Pecos (1.10 ± 0.30 detections/survey hr). In addition, Montezuma quail selected areas of low Ashe juniper cover (<23% cover), density (<7 trees/80 m2), and height (<2 m) in the Edwards Plateau but selected areas of high alligator juniper cover (>18% cover), density (>4 trees/80 m2), and height (2–8 m) in the Trans-Pecos. Moreover, Ashe juniper cover had a significant, negative influence on herbaceous features, whereas alligator juniper exerted little to no influence. Our results suggest that these 2 juniper species have contrasting effects on Montezuma quail space use and their habitat, possibly as a result of the contrasting influence of these junipers on herbaceous understory. Creating habitat for Montezuma quail in the Edwards Plateau generally will involve the reduction of Ashe juniper and creating patches that possess juniper trees of small stature (<2 m) with low amounts of cover (<23%) and density (<7 trees/80 m2), whereas management in the Trans-Pecos will require site-specific assessments based on current alligator juniper influence. © 2021 The Wildlife Society.

中文翻译:

杜松对德克萨斯州蒙特苏马鹌鹑栖息地利用的影响

蒙特祖玛鹌鹑 ( Cyrtonyx montezumae ) 栖息在墨西哥和美国西南部的橡树 ( Quercus spp. )-杜松 ( Juniperus spp. ) 林地中。在美国德克萨斯州,蒙特苏马鹌鹑出现在爱德华兹高原和跨佩科斯山脉和盆地 (跨佩科斯),这两个生态区具有对比鲜明的杜松模式。杜松 ( Juniperus ashei ) 在爱德华兹高原占主导地位,几十年来一直在增加,而鳄鱼杜松 ( Juniperus deppeana) 是 Trans-Pecos 的共同优势,并且似乎拥有稳定的 Montezuma 鹌鹑种群。我们的目标是在生态区之间比较蒙特苏马鹌鹑相对于杜松的相对丰度和栖息地利用,并量化杜松对蒙特苏马鹌鹑栖息地关键特征的影响(草高、草覆盖、杂草覆盖和杂草物种丰富度)。我们于 2018 年 3 月至 2020 年 8 月在爱德华兹高原(金尼和爱德华兹县)和跨佩科斯生态区(杰夫戴维斯县)进行了一项研究,以评估这些目标。我们进行了回调调查,以估计 Montezuma 鹌鹑的相对丰度(检测数/小时)并确定使用的位置。我们在使用的(n  = 32-30 个点)和随机位置(n = 70–60 分)在每个生态区。蒙特祖玛鹌鹑的相对丰度在爱德华兹高原(0.06 ± 0.01 检测/调查小时;骨灰盒:x-wiley:0022541X:媒体:jwmg22129:jwmg22129-math-0001± SE)比在跨佩科斯(1.10 ± 0.30 检测/调查小时)低得多。此外,蒙特苏马鹌鹑选择了爱德华兹高原低艾什杜松覆盖率(<23% 覆盖率)、密度(<7 棵树/80 m 2)和高度(<2 m)的区域,但选择了高鳄鱼杜松覆盖率的区域( >18% 覆盖),密度(>4 棵树/80 m 2) 和 Trans-Pecos 中的高度 (2–8 m)。此外,Ashe 杜松覆盖物对草本特征有显着的负面影响,而鳄鱼杜松几乎没有影响。我们的结果表明,这 2 种杜松对 Montezuma 鹌鹑空间利用及其栖息地具有对比影响,这可能是由于这些杜松对草本林下植物的不同影响。在 Edwards 高原为 Montezuma 鹌鹑创造栖息地通常涉及减少 Ashe 杜松,并创建具有小身材 (<2 m)、低覆盖率 (<23%) 和密度 (<7 棵树/80 m 2 ),而 Trans-Pecos 的管理将需要基于当前鳄鱼杜松影响的特定地点评估。© 2021 野生动物协会。
更新日期:2021-10-11
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