Purposes Timely delivery of treatment and rehabilitation is generally acknowledged to support injury recovery. This study aimed to describe the timing of health service use by injured truck drivers with work-related injury and to explore the association between demographic and injury factors and the duration of health service use. Methods Retrospective cohort study of injured truck drivers with accepted workers’ compensation claims in the state of Victoria, Australia. Descriptive analyses examined the percentage of injured truck drivers using health services by service type. Logistic regression model examined predictors of any service use versus no service use, and predictors of extended service use (≥ 52 weeks) versus short-term use. Results The timing of health service use by injured truck drivers with accepted workers’ compensation claims varies substantially by service type. General practitioner, specialist physician, and physical therapy service use peaks within the 14 weeks after compensation claim lodgement, whilst the majority of mental health services were accessed in the persistent phase beyond 14 weeks after claim lodgement. Older age, being employed by small companies, and claiming compensation for mental health conditions were associated with greater duration of health service use. Conclusions Injured truck drivers access a wide range of health services during the recovery and return to work process. Delivery of mental health services is delayed, including for those making mental health compensation claims. Health service planning should take into account worker and employer characteristics in addition to injury type.

目的及时提供治疗和康复通常被认为可以支持损伤恢复。本研究旨在描述因工伤而受伤的卡车司机使用医疗服务的时间，并探讨人口统计和伤害因素与医疗服务使用持续时间之间的关系。方法对澳大利亚维多利亚州接受工人赔偿要求的受伤卡车司机进行回顾性队列研究。描述性分析按服务类型检查了使用医疗服务的受伤卡车司机的百分比。逻辑回归模型检查了任何服务使用与不使用服务的预测因子，以及延长服务使用（≥ 52 周）与短期使用的预测因子。结果受伤卡车司机在接受工人赔偿要求后使用医疗服务的时间因服务类型而异。全科医生、专科医生和物理治疗服务的使用高峰在提出赔偿要求后的 14 周内，而大多数心理健康服务是在提出索赔后 14 周后的持续阶段使用的。年龄较大、受雇于小公司以及要求对心理健康状况进行赔偿与使用卫生服务的时间更长有关。结论受伤的卡车司机在康复和重返工作岗位期间获得广泛的医疗服务。延迟提供精神健康服务，包括那些提出精神健康赔偿要求的人。除伤害类型外，卫生服务规划还应考虑工人和雇主的特点。