Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and has posed a serious threat to global health. Here, we systematically characterized the transcription levels of the SARS-CoV-2 genes and identified the responsive human genes associated with virus infection. We inferred the possible biological functions of each viral gene and depicted the functional landscape based on guilt-by-association and functional enrichment analyses. Subsequently, the transcription factor regulatory network, protein–protein interaction network, and non-coding RNA regulatory network were constructed to discover more potential antiviral targets. In addition, several potential drugs for COVID-19 treatment and prevention were recognized, including known cell proliferation-related, immune-related, and antiviral drugs, in which proteasome inhibitors (bortezomib, carfilzomib, and ixazomib citrate) may play an important role in the treatment of COVID-19. These results provided novel insights into the understanding of SARS-CoV-2 functional genomics and host-targeting antiviral strategies for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

中文翻译：

---

从病毒转录组推断 SARS-CoV-2 功能基因组，并确定潜在的抗病毒药物和治疗靶点

2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 是由严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 引起的一种新兴传染病，已对全球健康构成严重威胁。在这里，我们系统地表征了 SARS-CoV-2 基因的转录水平，并确定了与病毒感染相关的响应性人类基因。我们推断了每个病毒基因可能的生物学功能，并基于关联犯罪和功能富集分析描绘了功能景观。随后，构建了转录因子调控网络、蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络和非编码RNA调控网络，以发现更多潜在的抗病毒靶点。此外，还确认了几种用于 COVID-19 治疗和预防的潜在药物，包括已知的细胞增殖相关、免疫相关和抗病毒药物，其中蛋白酶体抑制剂（硼替佐米、卡非佐米和柠檬酸伊沙佐米）可能在 COVID-19 的治疗中发挥重要作用。这些结果为理解 SARS-CoV-2 功能基因组学和针对 SARS-CoV-2 感染的宿主靶向抗病毒策略提供了新的见解。