Improving the nutritional condition of grapevine in spring to regulate bloom, fruit set, and yield is among the management goals of vineyards. In the present study, the early season spray of calcium sulfate (C; 0.00 and 2.00%), potassium sulfate (K; 0.00 and 3.00%), and agricultural grade mineral oil (V; 0.00 and 1.00%) on flower and fruit phenology, nutrient concentration, and cluster biophysical indices and yield of Sultana grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) were investigated for two consecutive years. Based on the results, the spray of this nutrient combined with mineral oil significantly affected all the treatments except cluster length, berry length, and phosphorus concentration. The highest concentrations of potassium, calcium, and magnesium were obtained in the vines treated with V0K1C1, and the highest concentrations of zinc and iron were obtained only in the vines treated with mineral oil. In treatments containing mineral oil, especially in combination with the second level of calcium and potassium (V1K1C1), bloom time, berries pea-sized time, and harvest time were delayed by 3, 3, and 6 days compared with control vines. While in vines treated with a combination of the second level of potassium and calcium (V0K1C1), bloom time, berries pea-sized time, and harvest time were advanced by 5, 4, and 1.50 days, respectively, compared with control vines. Regarding the biophysical indices of the cluster, it was found that the vines treated with V1K1C1 had higher cluster weight, berry weight, fruit, and raisins yield than other treatments. Also, the highest berry quality, including total soluble solids, titratable acidity, and total phenol content, were obtained in the vines treated with V0K1C1. However, the lowest berry quality was observed in the vines treated with mineral oil. Therefore, the combination of nutrients with mineral oil can alleviate the adverse effect of mineral oil solely on some phenological indices and berry quality-related traits in vineyards.

中文翻译：

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春季叶面喷洒农业级矿物油，结合硫酸钾和硫酸钙对葡萄藤 (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. 簇的物候和生物物理指标以及叶面营养水平的影响。苏丹娜（Id. Thompson无籽，苏丹娜）

改善葡萄在春季的营养状况以调节开花、坐果和产量是葡萄园的管理目标之一。在本研究中，早季喷洒硫酸钙（C；0.00 和 2.00%）、硫酸钾（K；0.00 和 3.00%）和农业级矿物油（V；0.00 和 1.00%）对花卉和果实物候的影响连续两年研究了 Sultana 葡萄 (Vitis vinifera L.) 的 、养分浓度、簇生物物理指标和产量。根据结果​​，除了簇长、浆果长度和磷浓度外，喷洒这种养分与矿物油对所有处理都有显着影响。用 V0K1C1 处理的葡萄藤中钾、钙和镁的浓度最高，只有在用矿物油处理过的葡萄藤中才能获得最高浓度的锌和铁。在含有矿物油的处理中，尤其是与第二级钙和钾 (V1K1C1) 结合使用时，与对照葡萄藤相比，开花时间、豌豆大小的浆果时间和收获时间延迟了 3、3 和 6 天。与对照葡萄树相比，在用第二级钾和钙 (V0K1C1) 组合处理的葡萄树中，开花时间、豌豆大小的浆果时间和收获时间分别提前了 5、4 和 1.50 天。关于簇的生物物理指标，发现用V1K1C1处理的葡萄树比其他处理具有更高的簇重、浆果重量、果实和葡萄干产量。此外，最高浆果质量，包括总可溶性固体、可滴定酸度、和总酚含量，是在用 V0K1C1 处理的葡萄树中获得的。然而，在用矿物油处理的葡萄藤中观察到最低的浆果质量。因此，养分与矿物油的结合可以减轻矿物油单独对葡萄园中某些物候指标和浆果品质相关性状的不利影响。