Abstract

Many recent studies have reported the onset of a robust antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and highlighted produced antibodies’ specific qualitative and quantitative aspects, relevant for developing antibody-based diagnostic and therapeutic options. In this review, firstly we will report main information acquired so far regarding the humoral response to COVID-19; we will concentrate, in particular, upon the observed levels and the kinetics, the specificity spectrum and the neutralizing potential of antibodies produced in infected patients. We will then discuss the implication of humoral response’s characteristics in the development and correct use of serologic tests, as well as the efficacy and safety of convalescent plasma therapy and of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies for treating infected patients and preventing new infections. An update of the list of newly isolated specific neutralizing antibodies and suggestions for vaccine evaluation and development will be also provided.

摘要

最近的许多研究报告了针对 SARS-CoV-2 感染的强烈抗体反应，并强调了产生的抗体的特定定性和定量方面，这与开发基于抗体的诊断和治疗方案相关。在本次综述中，首先我们将报告迄今为止获得的有关 COVID-19 体液反应的主要信息；我们将特别关注受感染患者体内产生的抗体的观察水平和动力学、特异性谱和中和潜力。然后，我们将讨论体液反应特征对血清学检测的开发和正确使用的影响，以及恢复期血浆疗法和中和单克隆抗体治疗感染患者和预防新感染的有效性和安全性。还将提供新分离的特异性中和抗体清单的更新以及疫苗评估和开发的建议。