Environmental consequences during wastewater management are vital and getting increased attention to interrupt any possible disease transmission pathways. Evidence of bioaerosolization of pathogen from wastewater to atmosphere during wastewater treatment have been highlighted previously. Understanding aerosol-based transmission in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is important because of the hazard it presents to the workers involved or to the population around and appears to be very significant during pandemic occurrences. This work aims to evaluate the possibility of pathogenic content of wastewater getting aerosolized during treatment by synthesizing the evidence on the potential aerosol generating treatment phases of WWTP, bioaerosol microbial composition, emission load and the factors affecting the bioaerosol formation. We also present some potential control strategies to take up in WWTP which may be useful to avoid such occurrences. Implementation of Aeration based strategies (use of diffused, submerged aeration, reduction in aeration rate), Improved ventilation based strategies (effective ventilation with adequate supply of clean air, minimizing air recirculation, supplementation with infection control measures such as filtration, irradiation), Improved protection based strategy (periodic monitoring of disinfection efficiency, pathogenic load of wastewater, improved operation policy) and other strategies (provision of buffer zone, wind shielding, water spraying on aerosol, screened surface of treatment units) could be very much relevant and significant in case of disease outbreak through aerosol formation in wastewater environment. Recent progress in sensor-based data collection, analysis, cloud-based storage, and early warning techniques in WWTP may help to reduce the risk of infectious transmission, especially during a pandemic situation.

废水管理期间的环境后果至关重要，并且越来越关注中断任何可能的疾病传播途径。先前已经强调了废水处理过程中病原体从废水到大气的生物气溶胶化的证据。了解废水处理厂 (WWTP) 中基于气溶胶的传播很重要，因为它对相关工人或周围人群构成危险，并且在大流行期间似乎非常重要。本工作旨在通过综合有关污水处理厂潜在气溶胶产生处理阶段、生物气溶胶微生物组成、排放负荷和影响生物气溶胶形成的因素的证据，评估废水中病原成分在处理过程中被气溶胶化的可能性。我们还提出了一些在污水处理厂中采用的潜在控制策略，这可能有助于避免此类事件的发生。实施基于曝气的策略（使用扩散式、浸没式曝气、降低曝气率）、基于改进的通风策略（通过提供充足的清洁空气进行有效通风、最大限度地减少空气再循环、补充感染控制措施，例如过滤、辐照），基于改进的保护策略（定期监测消毒效率、废水病原负荷、改进操作策略）和其他在通过废水环境中的气溶胶形成而导致疾病爆发的情况下，策略（提供缓冲区、挡风、向气溶胶喷水、处理单元的筛网表面）可能非常相关和重要。污水处理厂基于传感器的数据收集、分析、基于云的存储和预警技术的最新进展可能有助于降低传染性传播的风险，尤其是在大流行期间。