The presence of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) in water is concerning because of their potential threat to ecosystems and human health. Studies have indicated that these emerging contaminants cannot be effectively removed through conventional water treatment. In this study, the efficacy of various treatments - chlorination, ultraviolet (UV), UV/Chlorine, and UV/H₂O₂ processes - in PPCP removal from water was compared. The effects of reaction time, oxidant concentration, pH, and water matrix and the generation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) were also assessed. The removal of PPCPs was discovered to be superior when the concentration of oxidants was higher. In addition, pH affected the reactivity of chlorine with some of the investigated chemicals. Chorine itself plays a minor role in the UV/Chlorine process because it serves as a reactant for the generation of free radicals rather than oxidants. Matrix had a weak effect on the removal of PPCPs in the various treatment processes (mostly within 10%). UV could not effectively remove acetylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen, benzophenone, oxybenzone, caffeine, N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide, or most estrogens. When chlorine or hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) was used with UV, the efficiency of removal of all selected PPCPs was greatly improved (≥56.5% for UV/Chlorine and ≥27.6% for UV/H₂O₂) within 5 min. Although the PPCP removal efficiency of UV/Chlorine was higher than that of UV/H₂O₂, UV/H₂O₂ resulted in smaller amounts of DBP formation in the treated water. By contrast, UV/Chlorine resulted in higher concentrations of trihalomethanes (21.6%), haloacetonitriles (29.4%), and haloketones (147.2%).

水中的药物和个人护理产品 (PPCP) 的存在令人担忧，因为它们对生态系统和人类健康构成潜在威胁。研究表明，这些新出现的污染物无法通过常规水处理有效去除。在这项研究中，各种处理的功效 - 氯化、紫外线 (UV)、紫外线/氯和紫外线/H ₂ O ₂过程 - 比较了从水中去除 PPCP。还评估了反应时间、氧化剂浓度、pH 值和水基质以及消毒副产物 (DBP) 产生的影响。发现当氧化剂浓度较高时，PPCPs 的去除效果更好。此外，pH 值会影响氯与某些研究化学品的反应性。氯本身在紫外线/氯过程中的作用很小，因为它是产生自由基的反应物，而不是氧化剂。在各种处理过程中，基质对 PPCPs 的去除效果较弱（大多在 10% 以内）。紫外线无法有效去除乙酰水杨酸、布洛芬、二苯甲酮、氧苯酮、咖啡因、N,N-二乙基-间甲苯甲酰胺或大多数雌激素。当氯气或过氧化氢（H₂ O ₂ ) 与 UV 一起使用，在 5 分钟内去除所有选定的 PPCP 的效率大大提高（UV/氯≥56.5%，UV/H ₂ O ₂ ≥27.6% ）。尽管 UV/Chlorine 的 PPCP 去除效率高于 UV/H ₂ O ₂，但 UV/H ₂ O ₂导致处理水中 DBP 的形成量较少。相比之下，紫外线/氯导致更高浓度的三卤甲烷 (21.6%)、卤代乙腈 (29.4%) 和卤代酮 (147.2%)。