Survivability is defined as the capability of a platform to avoid or withstand a man-made hostile environment. Military aircraft in particular, but also other kinds of platforms subjected to external, impacting threats, are commonly designed according to increasing survivability requirements. The concept of survivability was first formalized by R. Ball in 1985 in its seminal work on combat aircraft survivability. On the basis of the theory presented in his work, many computer programs have been developed which implement the modelling techniques and computations required by vulnerability assessments. However, a clear and general view of the operative computational procedures is still lacking. Moreover, to date only a limited number of applications to helicopter platforms have been investigated in the survivability field, even though these platforms experience numerous flight conditions exposing the system to different types of threats. In this context, this work aims at establishing a multi-purpose general framework for the vulnerability assessment of different types of platforms subjected to external threats, with a focus on helicopters. The in-house software specifically developed for this application is here described in detail and employed to present a case study on a representative military helicopter.

生存能力被定义为平台避免或抵御人造恶劣环境的能力。尤其是军用飞机，还有其他类型的平台受到外部冲击威胁，通常是根据不断提高的生存能力要求进行设计的。1985 年，R. Ball 在其关于战斗机生存能力的开创性工作中首次提出了生存能力的概念。在他工作中提出的理论的基础上，已经开发了许多计算机程序来实现脆弱性评估所需的建模技术和计算。然而，仍然缺乏对操作计算过程的清晰和普遍的看法。此外，迄今为止，在生存能力领域只研究了有限数量的直升机平台应用，尽管这些平台经历了许多飞行条件，使系统面临不同类型的威胁。在此背景下，这项工作旨在建立一个多用途的通用框架，用于对遭受外部威胁的不同类型平台进行脆弱性评估，重点是直升机。此处详细描述了专门为此应用程序开发的内部软件，并用于展示具有代表性的军用直升机的案例研究。