Antimicrobial resistance and lack of new antibiotics to treat multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is a significant public health problem. There is a discovery void and the pipeline of new classes of antibiotics in clinical development is almost empty. Therefore, it is important to understand the structure activity relationships (SAR) of current chemical classes as that can help the drug discovery community in their efforts to develop new antibiotics by modifying existing antibiotic classes. We studied the SAR of the C5-acylaminomethyl moiety of the linezolid, an oxazolidinone antibiotic, by synthesizing 25 compounds containing various aromatic, heteroaromatic and aliphatic substitutions. Our findings suggest that this position is highly important for the function of this antibiotic class, since only smaller non-polar fragments are tolerated at this position while larger and polar ones lead to a decrease in activity compared to linezolid. Our findings have led us to construct a structure activity relationship, around the C5-acylaminomethyl moiety of linezolid, that provides valuable insight into the function of the oxazolidinone class of antibiotics.

抗生素耐药性和缺乏新的抗生素来治疗耐多药 (MDR) 细菌是一个重大的公共卫生问题。存在一个发现空白，临床开发中的新型抗生素管道几乎是空的。因此，了解当前化学类别的结构活性关系 (SAR) 非常重要，因为这可以帮助药物发现社区通过修改现有抗生素类别来开发新抗生素。我们通过合成 25 种含有各种芳香族、杂芳香族和脂肪族取代的化合物，研究了利奈唑胺（一种恶唑烷酮类抗生素）的 C5-酰基氨基甲基部分的 SAR。我们的研究结果表明，这个位置对于这类抗生素的功能非常重要，因为与利奈唑胺相比，只有较小的非极性片段在该位置被耐受，而较大和极性的片段导致活性降低。我们的发现使我们围绕利奈唑胺的 C5-酰基氨基甲基部分构建了结构活性关系，这为恶唑烷酮类抗生素的功能提供了有价值的见解。