Cyperaceae are a plant family of grass-like monocots, comprising 5600 species with a cosmopolitan distribution in temperate and tropical regions. Phytochemically, Cyperus is one of the most promising health supplementing genera of the Cyperaceae family, housing ≈950 species, with Cyperus rotundus L. being the most reported species in pharmacological studies. The traditional uses of Cyperus spp. have been reported against various diseases, viz., gastrointestinal and respiratory affections, blood disorders, menstrual irregularities, and inflammatory diseases. Cyperus spp. are known to contain a plethora of bioactive compounds such as α-cyperone, α-corymbolol, α-pinene, caryophyllene oxide, cyperotundone, germacrene D, mustakone, and zierone, which impart pharmacological properties to its extract. Therefore, Cyperus sp. extracts were preclinically studied and reported to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, neuroprotective, antidepressive, antiarthritic, antiobesity, vasodilator, spasmolytic, bronchodilator, and estrogenic biofunctionalities. Nonetheless, conclusive evidence is still sparse regarding its clinical applications on human diseases. Further studies focused on toxicity data and risk assessment are needed to elucidate its safe and effective application. Moreover, detailed structure-activity studies also need time to explore the candidature of Cyperus-derived phytochemicals as upcoming drugs in pharmaceuticals.

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香附：植物化学成分、生物活性和健康促进作用综述

莎草科是草状单子叶植物的植物科，包括 5600 种，分布于温带和热带地区。植物化学方面，香附是莎草科中最有前途的保健属之一，拥有约 950 个物种，其中圆形香附是药理学研究中报道最多的物种。Cyperus spp的传统用途。已经报道了针对各种疾病，即。、胃肠道和呼吸系统疾病、血液疾病、月经不调和炎症性疾病。莎草属 已知含有过多的生物活性化合物，例如α -cyperone、α-corymbolol、α- pinene 、氧化石竹、cyperotundone、germacrene D、mustakone 和 zierone，它们赋予其提取物药理特性。因此，莎草属 sp。提取物经过临床前研究，据报道具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌、抗癌、神经保护、抗抑郁、抗关节炎、抗肥胖、血管扩张、解痉、支气管扩张和雌激素生物功能。尽管如此，关于其在人类疾病中的临床应用，确凿的证据仍然很少。需要进一步研究关注毒性数据和风险评估，以阐明其安全有效的应用。此外，详细的结构-活性研究也需要时间来探索香附的候选资格-衍生的植物化学物质作为即将上市的药物。