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Gel models to assess distribution and diffusion of reactive species from cold atmospheric plasma: an overview for plasma medicine applications
Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-25 , DOI: 10.1088/1361-6463/ac1623
Max Thulliez 1, 2 , Orianne Bastin 1, 2 , Antoine Nonclercq 1 , Alain Delchambre 1 , Franois Reniers 2
Affiliation  

The emerging field of plasma medicine opens new therapeutic opportunities with the use of cold atmospheric plasma as a versatile tool for the treatment of tissues in various medical indications. Yet, the complexity of this very reactive medium combined with a high dependence on its environment and generation parameters make it difficult to predict and optimize such treatment. To this end, a simple yet robust and accurate tissue phantom allowing to study the penetration and distribution of plasma action in simulated in vivo conditions has been developed by several groups. It combines a hydrogel-based matrix closely resembling tissues and chemical reporters incorporated in the gel to measure the delivery of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) by the plasma. This paper reports the use of these models in the literature to give an overview of the state of the art, their capabilities and the further research required to improve it. First the hydrogels composition (i.e. gelatin and agarose) is discussed, as well as the parameters allowing to fine tune the model. In particular, we show that modifying mass fraction has been reported to mimic several types of tissues and that different model configurations allow to test different treatments conditions, including the barrier effect of skin or the direct treatment of a tissue bulk. The role of other critical parameters is highlighted, including manufacturing, diffusion, electrical characteristics but also liquid composition, thickness, aging and temperature influence. Secondly, RONS reporters used in the plasma medicine literature (colorimetric/fluorometric dyes) are summarized. The analysis techniques are discussed and the dyes characteristics (i.e. wavelength, specificity, and concentrations) are reported. Finally, the influence of medium and time on these measurements are covered. Main achievements, as well as limitations of these models are presented and linked to potential improvements and further research.



中文翻译:

评估冷大气等离子体中活性物质分布和扩散的凝胶模型:等离子体医学应用概述

等离子体医学的新兴领域通过使用冷大气等离子体作为治疗各种医学适应症组织的通用工具开辟了新的治疗机会。然而,这种反应性很强的介质的复杂性加上对其环境和发电参数的高度依赖,使得预测和优化此类处理变得困难。为此,一个简单而强大且准确的组织体模允许在体内模拟研究等离子体作用的渗透和分布条件已经由几个小组开发。它结合了与组织非常相似的基于水凝胶的基质和结合在凝胶中的化学报告分子,以测量等离子体对活性氧和氮物质 (RONS) 的传递。本文报告了这些模型在文献中的使用,以概述现有技术、它们的能力以及改进它所需的进一步研究。首先讨论水凝胶组成(即明胶和琼脂糖),以及允许微调模型的参数。特别是,我们表明修改质量分数已被报道模拟几种类型的组织,并且不同的模型配置允许测试不同的治疗条件,包括皮肤的屏障效应或组织块的直接治疗。强调了其他关键参数的作用,包括制造、扩散、电气特性以及液体成分、厚度、老化和温度影响。其次,总结了血浆医学文献(比色/荧光染料)中使用的 RONS 报告基因。讨论了分析技术并报告了染料特性(即波长、特异性和浓度)。最后,涵盖了介质和时间对这些测量的影响。介绍了这些模型的主要成就和局限性,并与潜在的改进和进一步研究相关联。概述了血浆医学文献中使用的 RONS 报告基因(比色/荧光染料)。讨论了分析技术并报告了染料特性(即波长、特异性和浓度)。最后,涵盖了介质和时间对这些测量的影响。介绍了这些模型的主要成就和局限性,并与潜在的改进和进一步研究相关联。概述了血浆医学文献中使用的 RONS 报告基因(比色/荧光染料)。讨论了分析技术并报告了染料特性(即波长、特异性和浓度)。最后,涵盖了介质和时间对这些测量的影响。介绍了这些模型的主要成就和局限性,并与潜在的改进和进一步研究相关联。

更新日期:2021-08-25
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