Maintaining the integrity of organelles despite the cellular disturbances that arise during stress is essential for life. To ensure organelle proteostasis (protein homeostasis), plants have evolved multitiered quality control mechanisms that work together to repair or recycle the damaged organelles. Despite recent advances, our understanding of plant organelle quality control mechanisms is far from complete. Especially, the crosstalk between different quality control pathways remains elusive. Here, we highlight recent advances on organelle quality control, focusing on the targeted protein degradation pathways that maintain the homeostasis of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), chloroplast, and mitochondria. We discuss how plant cells decide to employ different degradation pathways and propose tools that could be used to discover the missing components in organelle quality control.

中文翻译：

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蛋白酶体和选择性自噬：细胞器质量控制的战友。

尽管在压力期间出现细胞干扰，但保持细胞器的完整性对生命至关重要。为了确保细胞器蛋白质稳态（蛋白质稳态），植物已经进化出多层质量控制机制，这些机制协同工作以修复或回收受损的细胞器。尽管最近取得了进展，但我们对植物细胞器质量控制机制的理解还远未完成。特别是，不同质量控制途径之间的串扰仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们重点介绍细胞器质量控制的最新进展，重点关注维持内质网 (ER)、叶绿体和线粒体稳态的靶向蛋白质降解途径。