Introduction: Traditional cancer therapies may have incomplete eradication of cancer or destroy the normal cells. Nanotechnology solves the demerit by a guide in surgical resection of tumors, targeted chemotherapies, selective to cancerous cells, etc. This new technology can reduce the risk to the patient and automatically increased the probability of survival. Toward this goal, novel iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) coupled with leukemia anti-cancer drug were prepared and assessed.
Methods: The IONPs were prepared by the co-precipitation method using Fe⁺³/Fe⁺²ratio of 2:1. These IONPs were used as a carrier for chlorambucil (Chloramb), where the IONPs serve as the cores and chitosan (CS) as a polymeric shell to form Chloramb-CS-IONPs. The products were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) analyses, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA).
Results: The as-prepared IONPs were found to be magnetite (Fe₃O₄) and were coated by the CS polymer/Chloramb drug for the formation of the Chloramb-CS-IONPs. The average size for CS-IONPs and Chloramb-CS-IONPs nanocomposite was found to be 15 nm, with a drug loading of 19% for the letter. The release of the drug from the nanocomposite was found to be of a controlled-release manner with around 89.9% of the drug was released within about 5000 min and governed by the pseudo-second order. The in vitro cytotoxicity studies of CS-IONPs and Chloramb-CS-IONPs nanocomposite were tested on the normal fibroblast cell lines (3T3) and leukemia cancer cell lines (WEHI). Chloramb in Chloramb-CS-IONPs nanocomposite was found to be more efficient compared to its free form.
Conclusion: This work shows that Chloramb-CS-IONPs nanocomposite is a promising candidate for magnetically targeted drug delivery for leukemia anti-cancer agents.

Keywords: chlorambucil, anticancer, leukemia cell lines, magnetic nanoparticles, sustained release


中文翻译：

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苯丁酸氮芥-氧化铁纳米颗粒作为白血病癌细胞的药物递送系统

简介：传统的癌症疗法可能无法完全根除癌症或破坏正常细胞。纳米技术在肿瘤的手术切除、靶向化疗、对癌细胞的选择性等方面起到了引导作用，从而解决了这一缺点。这种新技术可以降低患者的风险，并自动增加生存的可能性。为实现这一目标，制备并评估了与白血病抗癌药物偶联的新型氧化铁纳米颗粒 (IONP)。
方法：采用Fe ⁺³ /Fe ^{+2共沉淀法制备IONPs}2:1的比例。这些 IONPs 被用作苯丁酸氮芥 (Chloramb) 的载体，其中 IONPs 作为核心，壳聚糖 (CS) 作为聚合物壳形成 Chloramb-CS-IONPs。使用透射电子显微镜 (TEM)、粉末 X 射线衍射 (PXRD)、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 分析、傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR)、振动样品磁强计 (VSM) 分析和热重分析对产品进行了表征。 TGA)。
结果：发现所制备的IONPs是磁铁矿（Fe ₃ O ₄) 并被 CS 聚合物/Chloramb 药物包被以形成 Chloramb-CS-IONP。CS-IONPs 和 Chloramb-CS-IONPs 纳米复合材料的平均尺寸为 15 nm，该字母的载药量为 19%。发现药物从纳米复合材料中的释放是一种控释方式，约 89.9% 的药物在约 5000 分钟内释放，并受准二级控制。CS-IONPs 和 Chloramb-CS-IONPs 纳米复合材料的体外细胞毒性研究在正常成纤维细胞系 (3T3) 和白血病癌细胞系 (WEHI) 上进行了测试。发现 Chloramb-CS-IONPs 纳米复合材料中的 Chloramb 与其游离形式相比更有效。
结论：这项工作表明，Chloramb-CS-IONPs 纳米复合材料是用于白血病抗癌药物的磁性靶向药物递送的有希望的候选者。

关键词：苯丁酸氮芥，抗癌，白血病细胞系，磁性纳米粒子，缓释