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Maternal water stress reduces sensitivity of offspring to herbicides in Amaranthus palmeri (Palmer amaranth)
Weed Research ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-06 , DOI: 10.1111/wre.12506
O. Adewale Osipitan 1 , Maor Matzrafi 1 , Sara Ohadi 1 , Mohsen B. Mesgaran 1
Affiliation  

The immediate impact of prevailing environmental conditions on sensitivity of weeds to herbicides is well documented but little is known about the effects of parental environments on the responses of progeny to herbicides. It has been suggested that parental plants subjected to abiotic stress may result in progeny with increased tolerance to stresses. We tested this hypothesis by growing two populations of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) from California and Kansas under well-watered (WW) and water-deficit (25% of WW treatment) conditions to obtain F1 seeds. We then tested the responses of F1 seedlings to various doses of five herbicides with different modes of action. Dose-response analysis of visual plant injury, aboveground biomass, and chlorophyll content showed that in 16 out of 30 comparisons, sensitivity to herbicides in A. palmeri progeny originated from a maternally water stressed environment was significantly lower than those obtained from WW plants. Only in one case the progeny from stressed plants was significantly more sensitive to herbicide (saflufenacil) than that from non-stressed plants, and no differences were observed between the two types of progeny in all other (13) comparisons. The reduced sensitivity in progeny from stressed plants was consistent in terms of the evaluated response variables in population from California with the application of S-metolachlor, rimsulfuron, and simazine; and in population from Kansas with the application of S-metolachlor and rimsulfuron. Our study suggests that A. palmeri plants experiencing drought during the season may produce progeny that might be more difficult to control because of an increase in herbicide tolerance endowed through transgenerational effects of water stress.

中文翻译:

母体缺水会降低后代对 Amaranthus palmeri(Palmer amaranth)除草剂的敏感性

普遍的环境条件对杂草对除草剂的敏感性的直接影响有据可查,但关于亲本环境对后代对除草剂反应的影响知之甚少。有人提出,遭受非生物胁迫的亲本植物可能会导致后代对胁迫的耐受性增加。我们通过种植两个帕尔默苋菜(Amaranthus palmeri) 从加利福尼亚和堪萨斯州在充分浇水 (WW) 和缺水(WW 处理的 25%)条件下获得 F1 种子。然后我们测试了 F1 幼苗对不同剂量的具有不同作用方式的五种除草剂的反应。视觉植物损伤、地上生物量和叶绿素含量的剂量反应分析表明,在 30 次比较中的 16 次中,A. palmeri对除草剂的敏感性源自母体缺水环境的后代显着低于从 WW 植物获得的后代。仅在一种情况下,来自受胁迫植物的后代对除草剂(苯嘧磺草胺)的敏感性显着高于来自非受胁迫植物的后代,并且在所有其他 (13) 比较中未观察到两种类型的后代之间存在差异。从受胁迫植物子代的敏感性降低,在人口从加州的应用程序的响应评估变量而言是一致的小号异丙甲草胺,砜嘧磺隆,西玛津和; 以及在堪萨斯州人群中应用S-异丙甲草胺和嘧磺隆。我们的研究表明,A. palmeri 由于水分胁迫的跨代效应导致对除草剂的耐受性增加,当季经历干旱的植物可能会产生更难控制的后代。
更新日期:2021-09-06
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