Current numerical methods cannot simulate well three-dimensional (3D) fracture process of solids. In order to study 3D fracture process of brittle-like materials and improve crack growth path prediction accuracy, a method is developed based on continuum damage mechanics and finite element method. In the developed method, damage is computed by homogenizing stress or strain in the preset characteristic field for reducing the spurious mesh sensitivity. Meanwhile, an additional procedure is used to consider the unstable and competing fracture process, which can be used to consider stress redistribution due to local damage evolution during the fracture process simulation. In addition, a damage model of concrete is also developed and used to describe material damage. Finally, 3D fracture process of two numerical examples, were simulated and compared with the experimental results by using the developed method. The 3D crack growth path and macroscopic mechanical behaviors can be predicted by the developed method coupled with a damage model. From the comparison, the effectiveness and modeling capability of the developed method are verified, which can be used to study 3D fracture mechanisms of concrete-like materials.

当前的数值方法不能很好地模拟固体的三维 (3D) 断裂过程。为研究类脆性材料的三维断裂过程，提高裂纹扩展路径预测精度，提出了一种基于连续介质损伤力学和有限元方法的方法。在开发的方法中，通过在预设特征场中均匀化应力或应变来计算损伤，以降低虚假网格敏感性。同时，额外的程序用于考虑不稳定和竞争的断裂过程，可用于在断裂过程模拟过程中考虑由于局部损伤演化引起的应力重新分布。此外，还开发了混凝土损伤模型，用于描述材料损伤。最后，两个数值例子的3D断裂过程，使用所开发的方法进行模拟并与实验结果进行比较。可以通过开发的方法结合损伤模型来预测 3D 裂纹扩展路径和宏观力学行为。通过比较，验证了所开发方法的有效性和建模能力，可用于研究类混凝土材料的 3D 断裂机制。