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Multiscale characterization of pathological bone tissue
Microscopy Research and Technique ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-07 , DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23920
E Deniz Eren 1 , Wouter H Nijhuis 2 , Freek van der Weel 1 , Aysegul Dede Eren 3, 4 , Sana Ansari 3, 5 , Paul H H Bomans 1 , Heiner Friedrich 1, 3 , Ralph J Sakkers 2 , Harrie Weinans 2, 6 , Gijsbertus de With 1
Affiliation  

Bone is a complex natural material with a complex hierarchical multiscale organization, crucial to perform its functions. Ultrastructural analysis of bone is crucial for our understanding of cell to cell communication, the healthy or pathological composition of bone tissue, and its three-dimensional (3D) organization. A variety of techniques has been used to analyze bone tissue. This article describes a combined approach of optical, scanning electron, and transmission electron microscopy for the ultrastructural analysis of bone from the nanoscale to the macroscale, as illustrated by two pathological bone tissues. By following a top-down approach to investigate the multiscale organization of pathological bones, quantitative estimates were made in terms of calcium content, nearest neighbor distances of osteocytes, canaliculi diameter, ordering, and D-spacing of the collagen fibrils, and the orientation of intrafibrillar minerals which enable us to observe the fine structural details. We identify and discuss a series of two-dimensional (2D) and 3D imaging techniques that can be used to characterize bone tissue. By doing so we demonstrate that, while 2D imaging techniques provide comparable information from pathological bone tissues, significantly different structural details are observed upon analyzing the pathological bone tissues in 3D. Finally, particular attention is paid to sample preparation for and quantitative processing of data from electron microscopic analysis.

中文翻译:

病理骨组织的多尺度表征

骨骼是一种复杂的天然材料,具有复杂的层次多尺度组织,对于执行其功能至关重要。骨的超微结构分析对于我们了解细胞间通讯、骨组织的健康或病理组成及其三维 (3D) 组织至关重要。多种技术已被用于分析骨组织。本文介绍了光学、扫描电子和透射电子显微镜的组合方法,用于从纳米尺度到宏观尺度的骨骼超微结构分析,如两个病理性骨组织所示。通过采用自上而下的方法研究病理骨骼的多尺度组织,对钙含量、骨细胞最近邻距离、小管直径、排序、和胶原原纤维的 D 间距,以及原纤维内矿物质的方向,这使我们能够观察到精细的结构细节。我们确定并讨论了一系列可用于表征骨组织的二维 (2D) 和 3D 成像技术。通过这样做,我们证明,虽然 2D 成像技术提供了来自病理骨组织的可比信息,但在分析 3D 病理骨组织时观察到显着不同的结构细节。最后,特别关注电子显微镜分析数据的样品制备和定量处理。我们确定并讨论了一系列可用于表征骨组织的二维 (2D) 和 3D 成像技术。通过这样做,我们证明,虽然 2D 成像技术提供了来自病理骨组织的可比信息,但在分析 3D 病理骨组织时观察到显着不同的结构细节。最后,特别关注电子显微镜分析数据的样品制备和定量处理。我们确定并讨论了一系列可用于表征骨组织的二维 (2D) 和 3D 成像技术。通过这样做,我们证明,虽然 2D 成像技术提供了来自病理骨组织的可比信息,但在分析 3D 病理骨组织时观察到显着不同的结构细节。最后,特别关注电子显微镜分析数据的样品制备和定量处理。
更新日期:2021-09-07
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