AbstractUnsustainable models of governance belonging to a widespread neoliberal mindset in developed countries have commonly been applied in the tourism industry. The management of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis has provided exemplary lessons regarding the application of sustainable models of governance. Through a participatory research, guidances are provided to tackle the COVID-19 effects in the tourist sector, namely in the Spanish southwestern region of Sierra de Gata. Seventeen indicators are proposed to enhance the safety measures, commitment of tourist authorities, communities empowered and protection of common resources among tourism industry, tourist authority and communities to spread cooperative awareness, mutual trust and shared objectives. Using a sample of 161 tourism companies, we tested a model of tourism governance with two focus groups during May and October 2020. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was utilized. Based on the data attained from a questionnaire and interviews, a sustainable tourism model to recover the threatened tourism sector is proposed. Indeed, our results can be used to draw theoretical and practical conclusions such as 1.) connecting private and public interactions to tackle the spread of the virus and strategies to recover the damaged tourist sector, 2.) to develop corporative values among the tourist industry and communities, 3.) to enhance governance models (trusts, consortia, tourist boards, clusters) to promote cooperation, 4.) to improve the local participation of companies, communities and associations in decision-making, and 5.) to prioritize qualitative development goals over quantitative ones, in the touristic territory. These conclusions are applicable to other regions suffering from the damaging consequences of the pandemic.

中文翻译：

---

COVID-19 大流行危机期间的旅游业治理：恢复旅游业的可持续模式提案

摘要属于发达国家普遍存在的新自由主义思维的不可持续的治理模式已普遍应用于旅游业。COVID-19 大流行危机的管理为可持续治理模式的应用提供了典范。通过参与性研究，为解决旅游业（即西班牙西南部加塔山脉地区）的 COVID-19 影响提供了指导。提出了十七项指标，以加强安全措施、旅游当局、社区的承诺以及旅游业、旅游当局和社区之间共同资源的保护，以传播合作意识、相互信任和共同目标。我们以 161 家旅游公司为样本，在 2020 年 5 月和 10 月期间测试了由两个焦点小组组成的旅游治理模型。使用了结构方程模型 (SEM)。根据问卷调查和访谈获得的数据，提出了恢复受威胁旅游业的可持续旅游模型。事实上，我们的研究结果可用于得出理论和实践结论，例如 1.) 将私人和公共互动联系起来，以应对病毒的传播和恢复受损旅游业的策略，2.) 发展旅游业的企业价值观和社区，3.) 加强治理模式（信托、财团、旅游局、集群）以促进合作，4.) 提高公司、社区和协会在决策中的当地参与度，以及 5.) 优先考虑质量在旅游领域，发展目标重于数量目标。这些结论适用于遭受大流行破坏性后果的其他地区。