Mineral development and metal smelting seriously polluted the surrounding groundwater and soil, threatening human health through the food chain. To investigate the effects of different sources of molybdenum (Mo) fertilizers on immune function of Nanjiang brown goats grazing on natural pastures under compound pollutions, fertilizing experiment was carried out in Liangshan Yi Nationality Prefecture of the Western Sichuan Plateau, China. Eighteen square hectometers of polluted meadows were fenced and were randomly divided into three groups (3 replications/group and 2 hm2/replication). A total of 54 healthy Nanjiang brown goats with an average BW of 31.6 ± 1.5 kg (1 year old) were used to this 30-day test (18 goats per group). The goats from CON group, AM group, and PM group were orally supplemented with deionized water, 15 mg Mo/BW·d (ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate), and 15 mg Mo/BW·d (potassium molybdate), respectively. Compared to CON group, the serum Fe content of grazing animals from AM group and PM group was 10.05% and 3.45% higher (P < 0.05), and the serum Cu content of grazing animals from AM group and PM group was 69.05% and 67.86% lower, respectively (P < 0.05). Mo fertilization significantly increased the levels of blood Hb, RBC, and PCV, and the activities of serum SOD, GSH-Px, CAT, and Cp of grazing goats (P < 0.05), and also extremely decreased the MDA content of experimental goats fed Mo compared to the control goats (P < 0.05). Compared to CON group, the activities of serum IgG, IgA, IgM, IL-2, and TNF-α of grazing animals from AM group and PM group were significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the levels of serum IL-6 and IL-1β of grazing goats from AM group and PM group were extremely decreased (P < 0.05). In summary, oral Mo fertilizers can alter the contents of serum mineral elements, reduce oxidative stress, improve immune function, and relieve the toxic damage of goats grazing on contaminated natural grasslands.

中文翻译：

---

内服钼肥对放牧受混合重金属污染天然牧场的南江褐山羊免疫功能的影响。

矿产开发和金属冶炼严重污染了周边地下水和土壤，通过食物链威胁人类健康。为研究复合污染下不同来源钼肥对在天然牧场放牧的南江褐山羊免疫功能的影响，在川西高原凉山彝族地区开展了施肥试验。将 18 平方公顷的污染草地围起来，随机分为三组（3 次重复/组和 2 hm2/重复）。共有54只健康的南江褐山羊，平均体重为31.6±1.5公斤（1岁），用于为期30天的试验（每组18只山羊）。CON组、AM组、PM组山羊口服去离子水，分别为 15 mg Mo/BW·d（四水钼酸铵）和 15 mg Mo/BW·d（钼酸钾）。与CON组相比，AM组和PM组放牧动物血清Fe含量分别高出10.05%和3.45%（P < 0.05），AM组和PM组放牧动物血清Cu含量分别为69.05%和67.86 % 分别降低 (P < 0.05)。钼施肥显着提高放牧山羊血Hb、RBC、PCV水平，血清SOD、GSH-Px、CAT、Cp活性（P < 0.05），同时显着降低饲喂实验山羊MDA含量Mo 与对照山羊相比 (P < 0.05)。与CON组相比，AM组和PM组放牧动物血清IgG、IgA、IgM、IL-2、TNF-α活性显着升高（P < 0.05），AM组和PM组放牧山羊血清IL-6、IL-1β水平均显着降低（P < 0.05）。综上所述，口服钼肥可以改变血清矿质元素含量，降低氧化应激，提高免疫功能，缓解山羊在受污染的天然草地上放牧的毒害。