This research examines the interacting role of processes of state transformation – namely, devolution and Europeanisation – in the development of Scottish nationalism. It draws on the concept of ‘member statehood’, examining how relationships within nation states have been transformed by the European dynamic. Superficially, Scotland seems to contradict central aspects of this theory: the main citizen mobilising response to Brexit has been in Scotland and aimed precisely at restoring a notional Scottish popular sovereignty by re- joining the EU. However, an analysis of Scottish political development reveals a more complex picture putting state transformation theories in a more sympathetic light. Scottish independence emerges as a complex, contradictory response to post-neoliberalism and the crisis of member-statehood. While Europeanism has proved a useful tool for competing forces in Scotland, it has been refracted through problems of a ‘democratic deficit’ and claims for the ‘restoration’ of sovereignty appealing to disenchanted voters.

这项研究考察了国家转型过程（即权力下放和欧洲化）在苏格兰民族主义发展中的相互作用。它借鉴了“成员国”的概念，考察了欧洲动态如何改变了民族国家内部的关系。从表面上看，苏格兰似乎与这一理论的核心方面相矛盾：动员对英国退欧做出反应的主要公民一直在苏格兰，其目的正是通过重新加入欧盟来恢复名义上的苏格兰人民主权。然而，对苏格兰政治发展的分析揭示了一幅更复杂的图景，使国家转型理论更具同情心。苏格兰独立是对后新自由主义和成员国危机的复杂、矛盾的反应。