Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are essential technologies of modern smart industry and their reliability is crucial for industrial information integration. This paper contributes by modeling the reliability of a linear multi-state consecutively connected system (LMCCS), which consists of a WSN providing the signal source, some intermediate nodes, and a sink node. The wireless sensors (WS) constituting the WSN are deployed around monitored objects to sense their conditions and transmit the sensed signal to a base station. The base station of the WSN serves as the source node of the LMCCS. The intermediate nodes of the LMCCS are sequentially arranged along a line to provide coverage and transmission of signal from the WSN base station to the sink node. Each node may assume multiple states, characterized by different signal coverage and transmission ranges of the connection element (CE) deployed in the node. As the state of each node is random, the signal coverage of the entire LMCCS is also random. Existing works on LMCCSs have mainly focused on studying the continuity of signal transmission (in particular, the probability that the sink node or signal receiver can successfully receive the signal from the source node or signal emitter). However, in some practical applications (e.g., risk source monitoring systems), the signal coverage area is a more important performance metric than the signal receiving probability. This paper proposes a universal generating function-based method to model and analyze the reliability and expected signal coverage of the LMCCS with WSN. The optimal CEs allocation problem is then solved with the objective of minimizing the cost of the entire system while meeting pre-specified requirements on the expected signal coverage and system reliability. The CEs allocation policy obtained should strike the balance among the system reliability, signal coverage and cost.

无线传感器网络（WSN）是现代智能工业必不可少的技术，其可靠性对于工业信息集成至关重要。本文通过对线性多状态连续连接系统 (LMCCS) 的可靠性进行建模，该系统由提供信号源的 WSN、一些中间节点和汇聚节点组成。构成 WSN 的无线传感器 (WS) 部署在受监控对象周围以感测它们的状况并将感测到的信号传输到基站。WSN的基站作为LMCCS的源节点。LMCCS 的中间节点沿线顺序排列，以提供从 WSN 基站到汇聚节点的信号覆盖和传输。每个节点可以假设多个状态，特点是部署在节点中的连接元件（CE）的信号覆盖范围和传输范围不同。由于每个节点的状态是随机的，整个LMCCS的信号覆盖范围也是随机的。LMCCS 的现有工作主要集中在研究信号传输的连续性（特别是宿节点或信号接收器能够成功接收来自源节点或信号发射器的信号的概率）。然而，在一些实际应用中（例如，风险源监控系统），信号覆盖区域是比信号接收概率更重要的性能指标。本文提出了一种通用的基于生成函数的方法来建模和分析 LMCCS 与 WSN 的可靠性和预期信号覆盖范围。然后解决最优 CE 分配问题，目标是最小化整个系统的成本，同时满足对预期信号覆盖和系统可靠性的预先指定要求。获得的 CE 分配策略应在系统可靠性、信号覆盖和成本之间取得平衡。