The proliferation of the Internet of things (IoT) devices and the corresponding high-volume sensing data pave the path for data-driven IoT services such as smart cities and smart farming. The first step towards achieving such services is to efficiently collect the data at collection centers, which requires an agile data collection strategy coping with dynamic environment changes. Network programmability (software-defined networking (SDN) or network function virtualization (NFV)) fits this need by enabling re-configurable IoT networks. However, existing SDN/NFV-based solutions in the IoT context fall back due to the lack of resource and overhead awareness and the compatibility with standard protocols. SoftIoT fills that gap by designing SDN/NFV-enabled IoT nodes and network architecture that consider resource and energy constraints a top priority. It optimizes the number of activated NFV nodes and assigns traffic sources to that VNFs over optimal routes of enough energy and link quality. We extensively evaluate the performance of SoftIoT in the Cooja simulator over the Contiki OS using real sensor traffic, which shows that the proposed solution consumes 40% and 60% less energy than existing works. SoftIoT also outperforms its counterparts over the packet delivery ratio, network lifetime, and overhead reduction while being compatible with standard protocols.

物联网 (IoT) 设备的激增和相应的大量传感数据为智慧城市和智慧农业等数据驱动的物联网服务铺平了道路。实现此类服务的第一步是在收集中心高效收集数据，这需要灵活的数据收集策略来应对动态环境变化。网络可编程性（软件定义网络 (SDN) 或网络功能虚拟化 (NFV)）通过启用可重新配置的物联网网络来满足这一需求。然而，由于缺乏资源和开销意识以及与标准协议的兼容性，物联网环境中现有的基于 SDN/NFV 的解决方案会退步。SoftIoT 通过设计支持 SDN/NFV 的物联网节点和网络架构来填补这一空白，这些节点和网络架构将资源和能源限制视为重中之重。它优化了激活的 NFV 节点的数量，并通过具有足够能量和链路质量的最佳路由将流量源分配给这些 VNF。我们使用真实传感器流量在 Contiki OS 上的 Cooja 模拟器中广泛评估了 SoftIoT 的性能，这表明所提出的解决方案比现有工作消耗的能源减少 40% 和 60%。SoftIoT 在与标准协议兼容的同时，在数据包传输率、网络寿命和开销减少方面也优于同类产品。这表明所提出的解决方案比现有工程消耗的能源少 40% 和 60%。SoftIoT 在与标准协议兼容的同时，在数据包传输率、网络寿命和开销减少方面也优于同类产品。这表明所提出的解决方案比现有工程消耗的能源少 40% 和 60%。SoftIoT 在与标准协议兼容的同时，在数据包传输率、网络寿命和开销减少方面也优于同类产品。