Plants of the genus Polyalthia can be seen as a rich resource of essential oils type terpenoids. In this study, the essential oils obtained by hydro-distillation from the leaf and stem of Polyalthia viridis were analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry–flame ionization detection. Thirty-nine constituents (95.3%) were identified in the leaf oils and 42 constituents (90.9%) in the stem oils. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated sesquiterpenes were the main constituents of both oils, in which 2 sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, germacrene D (45.1%-47.4%) and bicyclogermacrene (8.2%-17.1%), were the 2 major compounds. The stem oils inhibited the growth of 3 cancer cell lines, HepG2, MCF7, and A549, with half inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values of 56.7 to 68.4 μg/mL. The stem oils also successfully suppressed the growth of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger and the yeast Candida albicans with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 50 μg/mL. P viridis oils suppressed NO production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglial cells, with IC₅₀ values of 57.6 to 76.7 μg/mL.

Polyalthia属植物可被视为精油类萜类化合物的丰富资源。在这项研究中，通过气相色谱/质谱-火焰电离检测分析了从草木叶和茎中水蒸馏得到的精油。在叶油中鉴定出 39 种成分 (95.3%)，在茎油中鉴定出 42 种成分 (90.9%)。倍半萜烃和氧化倍半萜是两种油的主要成分，其中两种倍半萜烃，锗烯 D (45.1%-47.4%) 和双环锗烯 (8.2%-17.1%) 是两种主要化合物。干油抑制 3 种癌细胞系 HepG2、MCF7 和 A549 的生长，抑制浓度为一半 (IC ₅₀) 56.7 至 68.4 μg/mL 的值。茎油还成功抑制丝状真菌黑曲霉和酵母白色念珠菌的生长，最低抑制浓度值为 50 μg/mL。P viridis油抑制脂多糖刺激的 BV2 小胶质细胞中 NO 的产生，IC ₅₀值为 57.6 至 76.7 μg/mL。