Topology optimization as a computational approach is used to find an optimal structure with specific objectives such as an ultimately lightweight design. The optimization is normally performed under a series of constraint functions to ensure expected structural performance for safety and resilience. To promote the use of topology optimization in structural engineering, it is crucially important to identify and apply suitable constraints for realistic construction. In this paper, a conceptual attempt aiming for a construction-oriented topology optimization framework is presented. An isogeometric analysis module using NURBS curves for geometric description and discretization is employed in stress analyses, which incorporates the density-based SIMP optimization approach to generate the optimized topology. A Drucker–Prager criterion is adopted to constrain the stresses within the unequal limits of tension and compression for the use of concrete type material. To prevent slim components of potentially high complexity in construction, a minimum-width control is applied as an additional geometric control. In this paper, the conceptual framework is demonstrated using a prestressed concrete beam, while the optimization is performed to find suitable density distribution of concrete and a NURBS-described tendon profile after imposing the mapped prestressed action. The iterative optimization processes are presented and demonstrated to investigate the effect of tensile-compressive strength ratio and the minimum width, which reflects the construction-oriented vision pursuing a more regularized topology after applying the constraints in optimization.

拓扑优化作为一种​​计算方法用于找到具有特定目标的最佳结构，例如最终的轻量化设计。优化通常在一系列约束函数下执行，以确保预期的安全性和弹性的结构性能。为了促进拓扑优化在结构工程中的应用，识别和应用适合实际施工的约束至关重要。在本文中，提出了针对面向构造的拓扑优化框架的概念尝试。在应力分析中采用了使用 NURBS 曲线进行几何描述和离散化的等几何分析模块，该模块结合了基于密度的 SIMP 优化方法来生成优化的拓扑。使用 Drucker-Prager 准则将应力限制在不相等的拉伸和压缩极限内，以使用混凝土类型材料。为了防止结构中潜在的高复杂度的细长组件，应用最小宽度控制作为附加的几何控制。在本文中，使用预应力混凝土梁演示了概念框架，同时在施加映射的预应力作用后进行优化以找到合适的混凝土密度分布和 NURBS 描述的钢筋束轮廓。提出并演示了迭代优化过程，以研究拉伸-压缩强度比和最小宽度的影响，这反映了在应用优化中的约束后追求更正则化拓扑的面向施工的愿景。