Malaria in pregnancy remains a public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. Identifying risk factors for malaria in pregnancy could assist in developing interventions to reduce the risk of malaria in Burkina Faso and other countries in the region. Two cross-sectional surveys were carried out to measure Plasmodium falciparum infection using microscopy in pregnant women in Saponé Health District, central Burkina Faso. Data were collected on individual, household and environmental variables and their association with P. falciparum infection assessed using multivariable analysis. A total of 356 pregnant women were enrolled in the surveys, 174 during the dry season and 182 during the wet season. The mean number of doses of sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine for Intermittent Preventive Treatment in pregnancy (IPTp-SP) was 0.4 doses during the first trimester, 1.1 doses at the second and 2.3 doses at the third. Overall prevalence of P. falciparum infection by microscopy was 15.7%; 17.8% in the dry season and 13.7% in the wet season. 88.2% of pregnant women reported sleeping under an insecticide-treated net (ITN) on the previous night. The odds of P. falciparum infection was 65% lower in women who reported using an ITN compared to those that did not use an ITN (Odds ratio, OR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.14–0.86, p = 0.02). IPTp-SP was also associated with reduced P. falciparum infection, with each additional dose of IPTp-SP reducing the odds of infection by 44% (OR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.39–0.79, p = 0.001). Literate women had a 2.54 times higher odds of P. falciparum infection compared to illiterate women (95% CI 1.31–4.91, p = 0.006). The prevalence of P. falciparum infection among pregnant women remains high in Burkina Faso, although use of IPTp-SP and ITNs were found to reduce the odds of infection. Despite this, compliance with IPTp-SP remains far from that recommended by the National Malaria Control Programme and World Health Organization. Behaviour change communication should be strengthened to encourage compliance with protective malaria control tools during pregnancy.

中文翻译：

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布基纳法索孕妇感染恶性疟原虫的危险因素：一项基于社区的横断面调查

孕期疟疾仍然是撒哈拉以南非洲的一个公共卫生问题。确定妊娠期疟疾的风险因素有助于制定干预措施，以降低布基纳法索和该地区其他国家的疟疾风险。在布基纳法索中部的 Saponé 卫生区进行了两项横断面调查，以使用显微镜检查孕妇的恶性疟原虫感染情况。收集了关于个人、家庭和环境变量的数据，并使用多变量分析评估了它们与恶性疟原虫感染的关联。共有 356 名孕妇参加了调查，其中旱季 174 名，雨季 182 名。用于妊娠期间歇性预防性治疗 (IPTp-SP) 的磺胺多辛-乙胺嘧啶的平均剂量数在孕早期为 0.4 剂，1。第二次接种 1 剂，第三次接种 2.3 剂。显微镜下恶性疟原虫感染的总体流行率为 15.7%；旱季为 17.8%，雨季为 13.7%。88.2% 的孕妇报告说前一晚睡在经过杀虫剂处理的蚊帐 (ITN) 下。与未使用 ITN 的女性相比，报告使用 ITN 的女性感染恶性疟原虫的几率低 65%（几率比，OR = 0.35，95% CI 0.14–0.86，p = 0.02）。IPTp-SP 还与减少恶性疟原虫感染有关，每增加一剂 IPTp-SP，感染几率就会降低 44%（OR = 0.56，95% CI 0.39–0.79，p = 0.001）。与文盲妇女相比，识字妇女感染恶性疟原虫的几率高 2.54 倍（95% CI 1.31–4.91，p = 0.006）。P的普遍性 尽管发现使用 IPTp-SP 和 ITN 可降低感染几率，但布基纳法索孕妇的恶性疟原虫感染率仍然很高。尽管如此，对 IPTp-SP 的遵守与国家疟疾控制计划和世界卫生组织的建议相去甚远。应加强行为改变沟通，以鼓励在怀孕期间遵守保护性疟疾控制工具。