Background Although asthma and obesity are each associated with adverse respiratory outcomes, a possible interaction between them is less studied. This study assessed the extent to which asthma and overweight/obese status were independently associated with respiratory symptoms, lung function, Work Ability Score (WAS) and sick leave; and whether there was an interaction between asthma and body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 regarding these outcomes. Methods In a cross-sectional study, 626 participants with physician-diagnosed asthma and 691 without asthma were examined. All participants completed a questionnaire and performed spirometry. The association of outcome variables with asthma and BMI category were assessed using regression models adjusted for age, sex, smoking status and education. Results Asthma was associated with reduced WAS (OR=1.9 (95% CI 1.4 to 2.5)), increased sick leave in the last 12 months (OR=1.4 (95% CI 1.1 to 1.8)) and increased symptom score (OR=7.3 (95% CI 5.5 to 9.7)). Obesity was associated with an increased symptom score (OR=1.7 (95% CI 1.2 to 2.4)). Asthma was associated with reduced prebronchodilator and postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) (β=−6.6 (95% CI −8.2 to −5.1) and −5.2 (95% CI −6.7 to −3.4), respectively) and prebronchodilator forced vital capacity (FVC) (β=−2.3 (95% CI −3.6 to −0.96)). Obesity was associated with reduced prebronchodilator and postbronchodilator FEV1 (β=−2.9 (95% CI −5.1 to −0.7) and −2.8 (95% CI −4.9 to −0.7), respectively) and FVC (−5.2 (95% CI −7.0 to −3.4) and −4.2 (95% CI −6.1 to −2.3), respectively). The only significant interaction was between asthma and overweight status for prebronchodilator FVC (β=−3.6 (95% CI −6.6 to −0.6)). Conclusions Asthma and obesity had independent associations with increased symptom scores, reduced prebronchodilator and postbronchodilator FEV1 and reduced prebronchodilator FVC. Reduced WAS and higher odds of sick leave in the last 12 months were associated with asthma, but not with increased BMI. Besides a possible association with reduced FVC, we found no interactions between asthma and increased BMI. Data are available upon reasonable request. The datasets generated and/or analysed during the current study are not publicly available because of privacy policy regulations, but they are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

中文翻译：

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哮喘和肥胖对呼吸道症状、工作能力和肺功能的影响：来自挪威人口横断面研究的结果

背景 尽管哮喘和肥胖症都与不良的呼吸系统结果相关，但它们之间可能的相互作用研究较少。本研究评估了哮喘和超重/肥胖状态与呼吸道症状、肺功能、工作能力评分 (WAS) 和病假的独立相关程度；关于这些结果，哮喘和体重指数 (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 之间是否存在相互作用。方法 在一项横断面研究中，对 626 名经医生诊断为哮喘的参与者和 691 名无哮喘的参与者进行了检查。所有参与者都完成了一份问卷并进行了肺活量测定。使用针对年龄、性别、吸烟状况和教育程度调整的回归模型评估结果变量与哮喘和 BMI 类别的关联。结果 哮喘与 WAS 降低有关（OR=1. 9（95% CI 1.4 至 2.5）），过去 12 个月病假增加（OR=1.4（95% CI 1.1 至 1.8））和症状评分增加（OR=7.3（95% CI 5.5 至 9.7））。肥胖与症状评分增加有关（OR=1.7（95% CI 1.2 至 2.4））。哮喘与支气管扩张剂前和支气管扩张剂后 1 秒用力呼气量减少有关 (FEV1)（β=-6.6（95% CI -8.2 至 -5.1）和 -5.2（95% CI -6.7 至 -3.4））和支气管扩张剂前用力肺活量 (FVC)（β=-2.3（95% CI -3.6 至 -0.96））。肥胖与支气管扩张剂前和支气管扩张剂后 FEV1 降低有关（β=-2.9（95% CI -5.1 至 -0.7）和 -2.8（95% CI -4.9 至 -0.7））和 FVC（-5.2（95% CI -） 7.0 至 -3.4) 和 -4.2（分别为 95% CI -6.1 至 -2.3））。唯一显着的相互作用是哮喘与支气管扩张剂前 FVC 的超重状态之间（β=-3. 6（95% CI -6.6 至 -0.6））。结论 哮喘和肥胖与症状评分增加、支气管扩张前和支气管扩张后 FEV1 降低以及支气管扩张前 FVC 降低独立相关。过去 12 个月内 WAS 降低和病假几率增加与哮喘有关，但与 BMI 增加无关。除了可能与 FVC 降低有关之外，我们发现哮喘与 BMI 增加之间没有相互作用。可应合理要求提供数据。由于隐私政策规定，当前研究期间生成和/或分析的数据集不公开可用，但可根据合理要求从相应的作者处获得。支气管扩张前和支气管扩张后 FEV1 减少，支气管扩张前 FVC 减少。过去 12 个月内 WAS 降低和病假几率增加与哮喘有关，但与 BMI 增加无关。除了可能与 FVC 降低有关之外，我们发现哮喘与 BMI 增加之间没有相互作用。可应合理要求提供数据。由于隐私政策规定，当前研究期间生成和/或分析的数据集不公开可用，但可根据合理要求从相应的作者处获得。支气管扩张前和支气管扩张后 FEV1 减少，支气管扩张前 FVC 减少。过去 12 个月内 WAS 降低和病假几率增加与哮喘有关，但与 BMI 增加无关。除了可能与 FVC 降低有关之外，我们发现哮喘与 BMI 增加之间没有相互作用。可应合理要求提供数据。由于隐私政策规定，当前研究期间生成和/或分析的数据集不公开可用，但可根据合理要求从相应的作者处获得。可应合理要求提供数据。由于隐私政策规定，当前研究期间生成和/或分析的数据集不公开可用，但可根据合理要求从相应的作者处获得。可应合理要求提供数据。由于隐私政策规定，当前研究期间生成和/或分析的数据集不公开可用，但可根据合理要求从相应的作者处获得。