This review comprehensively summarizes epidemiologic evidence of COVID-19 in patients with Type 2 diabetes, explores pathophysiological mechanisms, and integrates recommendations and guidelines for patient management. We found that diabetes was a risk factor for diagnosed infection and poor prognosis of COVID-19. Patients with diabetes may be more susceptible to adverse outcomes associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection due to impaired immune function and possible upregulation of enzymes that mediate viral invasion. The chronic inflammation caused by diabetes, coupled with the acute inflammatory reaction caused by SARS-CoV-2, results in a propensity for inflammatory storm. Patients with diabetes should be aware of their increased risk for COVID-19.

本综述全面总结了 2 型糖尿病患者中 COVID-19 的流行病学证据，探讨了病理生理学机制，并整合了患者管理的建议和指南。我们发现糖尿病是确诊感染 COVID-19 和预后不良的危险因素。由于免疫功能受损以及介导病毒入侵的酶可能上调，糖尿病患者可能更容易受到与 SARS-CoV-2 感染相关的不良后果的影响。糖尿病引起的慢性炎症，加上SARS-CoV-2引起的急性炎症反应，导致炎症风暴的倾向。糖尿病患者应意识到自己感染 COVID-19 的风险增加。