Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a form of brain disorder characterized by various pathological changes in the brain. Numerous studies have shown that sex hormones are involved in the disease. For instance, progesterone, estrogen, and testosterone are well-known steroid sex hormones that play an essential role in AD pathogenesis. The Gender-dependency of AD is attributed to the effect of these hormones on the brain, which plays a neuroprotective role. In recent years, much research has been performed on the protective role of these hormones against nerve cell damage, which are promising for AD management. Hence, in the current review, we aim to decipher the protective role of steroid hormones in AD. Accordingly, we will discuss their functional mechanisms at the genomic and non-genomic scales.

阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是一种以大脑中各种病理变化为特征的脑部疾病。大量研究表明，性激素与该疾病有关。例如，黄体酮、雌激素和睾酮是众所周知的类固醇性激素，它们在 AD 发病机制中起重要作用。AD的性别依赖性归因于这些激素对大脑的作用，大脑发挥神经保护作用。近年来，已经对这些激素对神经细胞损伤的保护作用进行了大量研究，这对AD管理很有希望。因此，在当前的审查中，我们旨在破译类固醇激素在 AD 中的保护作用。因此，我们将讨论它们在基因组和非基因组尺度上的功能机制。