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Mechanosynthesis of graphene nanoribbons from waste zinc–carbon batteries
Carbon Letters ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-03 , DOI: 10.1007/s42823-021-00279-6
J. Martínez-González 1 , D. Reyes-Contreras 2 , Enrique Vigueras-Santiago 3 , I. García-Orozco 3 , C. Patiño-Carachure 4 , J. A. Reyes-Esqueda 5 , V. H. Castrejón-Sánchez 6
Affiliation  

The mechanosynthesis route is a physical top–down strategy to produce different nanomaterials. Here, we report the formation of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) through this route using carbon bars recovered from discarded alkaline batteries as raw material. The mechanosynthesis time (milling time) is shown to have an influence on different features of the GNRs such as their width and edges features. TEM revealed the presence of GNRs with widths of 15.26, 8.8, and 23.55 nm for the milling times of 6, 12, and 18 h, respectively. Additionally, the carbon bars evolved from poorly shaped GNRs for the shortest milling time (6 h) to well-shaped GNRs of oriented sheets forming for the longest milling time. Besides GNRs, graphene sheets (GNS) of different sizes were also observed. The Raman analysis of the 2D bands identified the GNS signal and confirmed the GNRs nature. ID/IG values of 0.21, 0.32, and 0.40 revealed the degree of disorder for each sample. The in-plane sp2 crystallite sizes (La) of graphite decreased to 91, 60, and 48 nm with increasing peeling time. The RBLM band at 288 cm−1 confirmed the formation of the GNRs. Mechanosynthesis is a complex process and the formation of the GNRs is discussed in terms of a mechanical exfoliation, formation of graphene sheets and its fragmentation to reach GNR-like shapes. It is shown that the synthesis of GNRs through the mechanosynthesis route, besides the use of recycled materials, is an alternative for obtaining self-sustaining materials.



中文翻译:

从废锌碳电池机械合成石墨烯纳米带

机械合成路线是一种物理自上而下的策略来生产不同的纳米材料。在这里,我们报告了使用从废弃碱性电池中回收的碳棒作为原材料通过这条路线形成石墨烯纳米带 (GNR)。机械合成时间(铣削时间)被证明对 GNR 的不同特征有影响,例如它们的宽度和边缘特征。TEM 显示存在宽度为 15.26、8.8 和 23.55 nm 的 GNR,研磨时间分别为 6、12 和 18 小时。此外,碳棒从最短铣削时间(6 小时)的形状不佳的 GNR 演变为最长铣削时间形成的定向板的形状良好的 GNR。除了 GNR,还观察到了不同尺寸的石墨烯片 (GNS)。I D / I G值 0.21、0.32 和 0.40 揭示了每个样本的无序程度。随着剥离时间的增加,石墨的面内 sp 2微晶尺寸 (L a ) 减小到 91、60 和 48 nm。288 cm -1处的 RBLM 带证实了 GNR 的形成。机械合成是一个复杂的过程,GNR 的形成从机械剥离、石墨烯片的形成及其碎片化以达到类似 GNR 的形状进行讨论。结果表明,除了使用回收材料外,通过机械合成途径合成 GNRs 是获得自给材料的替代方法。

更新日期:2021-09-04
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