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Anode processes on Pt and ceramic anodes in chloride and oxide-chloride melts
Nuclear Engineering and Technology ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-04 , DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2021.08.034
A.R. Mullabaev 1 , V.A. Kovrov 1 , A.S. Kholkina 1, 2 , Yu.P. Zaikov 1, 2
Affiliation  

Platinum anodes are widely used for metal oxides reduction in LiCl–Li2O, however high-cost and low-corrosion resistance hinder their implementation. NiO–Li2O ceramics is an alternative corrosion resistant anode material. Anode processes on platinum and NiO–Li2O ceramics were studied in (80 mol.%)LiCl-(20mol.%)KCl and (80 mol.%)LiCl-(20 mol.%)KCl–Li2O melts by cyclic voltammetry, potentiostatic and galvanostatic electrolysis. Experiments performed in the LiCl–KCl melt without Li2O illustrate that a Pt anode dissolution causes the Pt2+ ions formation at 3.14 V and 550°С and at 3.04 V and 650оС. A two-stage Pt oxidation was observed in the melts with the Li2O at 2.40 ÷ 2.43 V, which resulted in the Li2PtO3 formation. Oxygen current efficiency of the Pt anode at 2.8 V and 650°С reached about 96%. The anode process on the NiO–Li2O electrode in the LiCl–KCl melt without Li2O proceeds at the potentials more positive than 3.1 V and results in the electrochemical decomposition of ceramic electrode to NiO and O2. Oxygen current efficiency on NiO–Li2O is close to 100%. The NiO–Li2O ceramic anode demonstrated good electrochemical characteristics during the galvanostatic electrolysis at 0.25 A/cm2 for 35 h and may be successfully used for pyrochemical treating of spent nuclear fuel.



中文翻译:

Pt 和陶瓷阳极在氯化物和氧化物-氯化物熔体中的阳极工艺

铂阳极被广泛用于 LiCl-Li 2 O 中的金属氧化物还原,但高成本和低耐腐蚀性阻碍了它们的实施。NiO-Li 2 O 陶瓷是一种替代的耐腐蚀阳极材料。在 (80 mol.%)LiCl-(20mol.%)KCl 和 (80 mol.%)LiCl-(20 mol.%)KCl-Li 2 O 熔体中研究了铂和 NiO-Li 2 O 陶瓷的阳极工艺循环伏安法,恒电位和恒电流电解。在没有 Li 2 O的 LiCl-KCl 熔体中进行的实验表明,Pt 阳极溶解导致 Pt 2+离子在 3.14 V 和 550 ° С 以及 3.04 V 和 650 ®下形成С. 在 2.40 ÷ 2.43 V 的 Li 2 O熔体中观察到两阶段 Pt 氧化,这导致了 Li 2 PtO 3的形成。Pt 阳极在 2.8 V 和 650 ° С 时的氧电流效率达到约 96%。在没有 Li 2 O的 LiCl-KCl 熔体中,NiO-Li 2 O 电极的阳极过程在高于 3.1 V 的正电位下进行,导致陶瓷电极电化学分解为 NiO 和 O 2。NiO-Li 2 O 上的氧电流效率接近 100%。NiO-Li 2 O陶瓷阳极在0.25 A/cm的恒电流电解过程中表现出良好的电化学特性2 35 h,可成功用于乏核燃料的高温化学处理。

更新日期:2021-09-04
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