In this study, the effects of n-butylamine-modified graphite nanoflakes (BMGNFs) on the crystalline phase transition, ferroelectric behaviors, and piezoelectric energy harvesting properties of poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) copolymers are investigated. To confirm the blending of BMGNFs in P(VDF-TrFE), X-ray spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) are performed. Additionally, X-ray diffraction, FTIR, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy are performed to analyze the crystallization of the polar β-phase of BMGNF-blended P(VDF-TrFE) copolymers. For P(VDF-TrFE) copolymers blended with pure graphite nanoflakes (GNFs), the crystallization of the polar β-phase is enhanced, but a high dielectric loss induced by the leakage current is clearly observed. The dielectric loss can be effectively reduced through the modification of GNFs by n-butylamine, which improves the remnant polarization and coercive electric field of metal-ferroelectric-semiconductor devices. Furthermore, the piezoelectric nanogenerators comprising BMGNF-blended P(VDF-TrFE) copolymers present a high open-circuit output voltage of 4.9 V and a high short-circuit output current of 4.5 μA for more than 500 times of cycling tests, exhibiting a high generating power density of 33.73 mW/m² under a load resistance of 3 MΩ. Hence, the P(VDF-TrFE) copolymers blended with n-butylamine-modified GNFs show superior ferroelectric and piezoelectric behaviors, rendering them promising candidates for applications in future organic sensors and self-powered consumer electronics.

在本研究中，正丁胺改性石墨纳米薄片 (BMGNFs) 对聚（偏二氟乙烯-共-三氟乙烯）（P（VDF-TrFE））共聚物的结晶相变、铁电行为和压电能量收集性能的影响是调查。为了确认 BMGNFs 在 P(VDF-TrFE) 中的混合，进行了 X 射线光谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR)。此外，还使用 ​​X 射线衍射、FTIR、场发射扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜来分析 BMGNF 共混 P(VDF-TrFE) 共聚物的极性 β 相的结晶。对于与纯石墨纳米薄片 (GNF) 混合的 P(VDF-TrFE) 共聚物，极性 β 相的结晶增强，但可以清楚地观察到漏电流引起的高介电损耗。通过正丁胺对GNFs的改性，可以有效降低介电损耗，改善金属-铁电-半导体器件的剩余极化和矫顽电场。此外，包含 BMGNF 共混 P(VDF-TrFE) 共聚物的压电纳米发电机在超过 500 次循环测试中表现出 4.9 V 的高开路输出电压和 4.5 μA 的高短路输出电流，表现出高发电功率密度 33.73 mW/m²负载电阻为 3 MΩ。因此，与正丁胺改性的 GNF 混合的 P(VDF-TrFE) 共聚物显示出优异的铁电和压电行为，使其成为未来有机传感器和自供电消费电子产品应用的有希望的候选者。