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Tree species richness differentially affects the chemical composition of leaves, roots and root exudates in four subtropical tree species
Journal of Ecology ( IF 5.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-04 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13777
Alexander Weinhold 1, 2 , Stefanie Döll 1, 2 , Min Liu 3, 4 , Andreas Schedl 1, 2 , Yvonne Pöschl 1, 2 , Xingliang Xu 3 , Steffen Neumann 5 , Nicole M. van Dam 1, 2
Affiliation  

  1. Plants produce thousands of compounds, collectively called the metabolome, which mediate interactions with other organisms. The metabolome of an individual plant may change according to the number and nature of these interactions. We tested the hypothesis that tree diversity level affects the metabolome of four subtropical tree species in a biodiversity–ecosystem functioning experiment, BEF-China. We postulated that the chemical diversity of leaves, roots and root exudates increases with tree diversity. We expected that the strength of this diversity effect differs among leaf, root and root exudates samples. Considering their role in plant competition, we expected to find the strongest effects in root exudates.
  2. Roots, root exudates and leaves of four tree species (Cinnamomum camphora, Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Daphniphyllum oldhamii and Schima superba) were sampled from selected plots in BEF-China. The exudate metabolomes were normalized over their non-purgeable organic carbon level. Multivariate analyses were applied to identify the effect of both neighbouring (local) trees and plot diversity on tree metabolomes. The species- and sample-specific metabolites were assigned to major compound classes using the ClassyFire tool, whereas potential metabolites related to diversity effects were annotated manually.
  3. Individual tree species showed distinct leaf, root and root exudate metabolomes. The main compound class in leaves was the flavonoids, whereas carboxylic acids, prenol lipids and specific alkaloids were most prominent in root exudates and roots. Overall, plot diversity had a stronger effect on metabolome profiles than the local diversity. Leaf metabolomes responded more often to tree diversity level than exudates, whereas root metabolomes varied the least. We found no uniform or general pattern of alterations in metabolite richness or diversity in response to variation in tree diversity. The response differed among species and tissues.
  4. Synthesis. Classification of metabolites supported initial ecological interpretation of differences among species and organs. Particularly, the metabolomes of leaves and root exudates respond to differences in tree diversity. These responses were neither linear nor uniform and individual metabolites showed different dynamics. More controlled interaction experiments are needed to dissect the causes and consequences of the observed shifts in plant metabolomes.


中文翻译:

树种丰富度对四种亚热带树种叶、根和根分泌物化学成分的影响存在差异

  1. 植物产生数千种化合物,统称为代谢组,它们介导与其他生物的相互作用。单个植物的代谢组可能会根据这些相互作用的数量和性质而变化。我们在生物多样性-生态系统功能实验(BEF-China)中检验了树木多样性水平影响四种亚热带树种代谢组的假设。我们假设叶子、根和根分泌物的化学多样性随着树木的多样性而增加。我们预计这种多样性效应的强度在叶、根和根分泌物样本中是不同的。考虑到它们在植物竞争中的作用,我们希望在根系分泌物中发现最强的影响。
  2. 从 BEF-China 的选定地块中采集了四种树种(樟树青冈Daphniphyllum oldhamii木荷)的根、根分泌物和叶子。渗出物代谢组在其不可清除的有机碳水平上进行了标准化。应用多变量分析来确定相邻(本地)树木和地块多样性对树木代谢组的影响。使用 ClassyFire 工具将物种和样品特异性代谢物分配到主要化合物类别,而手动注释与多样性效应相关的潜在代谢物。
  3. 个别树种表现出明显的叶、根和根分泌物代谢组。叶中的主要化合物类是黄酮类化合物,而羧酸、异戊烯醇脂和特定生物碱在根系分泌物和根系中最为突出。总体而言,地块多样性对代谢组谱的影响比局部多样性更强。叶代谢组对树木多样性水平的反应比分泌物更频繁,而根代谢组变化最小。我们发现没有统一或普遍的代谢物丰富度或多样性变化模式响应树木多样性的变化。物种和组织之间的反应不同。
  4. 合成。代谢物的分类支持对物种和器官之间差异的初步生态解释。特别是,叶子和根分泌物的代谢组对树木多样性的差异作出反应。这些反应既不是线性的也不是均匀的,个别代谢物表现出不同的动态。需要更多受控的相互作用实验来剖析观察到的植物代谢组变化的原因和后果。
更新日期:2021-09-04
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