Along with the rapid development of flexible and wearable electronic devices, there have been a strong demand for flexible power sources, which has in turn triggered considerable efforts on the research and development of flexible batteries. An ideal flexible battery would have not only just high electrochemical performance but also excellent mechanical deformabilities. Therefore, battery constituent components, chemistry systems, device configurations, and practical applications are all pivotal aspects that should be thoroughly considered. Herein, we systematically and comprehensively review the fundamentals and recent progresses of flexible batteries in terms of these important aspects. Specifically, we first discuss the requirements for constituent components, including the current collector, electrolyte, and separator, in flexible batteries. We then elucidate battery chemistry systems that have been studied for various flexible batteries, including lithium-ion batteries, non-lithium-ion batteries, and high-energy metal batteries. This is followed by discussions on the device configurations for flexible batteries, including one-dimensional fiber-shaped, two-dimensional film-shaped, and three-dimensional structural batteries. Finally, we summarize recent efforts in exploring practical applications for flexible batteries. Current challenges and future opportunities for the research and development of flexible batteries are also discussed.

随着柔性可穿戴电子设备的快速发展，对柔性电源的需求旺盛，进而引发了柔性电池的研发投入。理想的柔性电池不仅具有高电化学性能，还具有出色的机械变形能力。因此，电池组成成分、化学系统、设备配置和实际应用都是应该彻底考虑的关键方面。在此，我们从这些重要方面系统而全面地回顾了柔性电池的基本原理和最新进展。具体来说，我们首先讨论对柔性电池中的组成部件的要求，包括集电器、电解质和隔膜。然后，我们阐明了已为各种柔性电池研究的电池化学系统，包括锂离子电池、非锂离子电池和高能金属电池。随后讨论了柔性电池的器件配置，包括一维纤维状、二维薄膜状和三维结构电池。最后，我们总结了最近在探索柔性电池实际应用方面的努力。还讨论了柔性电池研发的当前挑战和未来机遇。随后讨论了柔性电池的器件配置，包括一维纤维状、二维薄膜状和三维结构电池。最后，我们总结了最近在探索柔性电池实际应用方面的努力。还讨论了柔性电池研发的当前挑战和未来机遇。随后讨论了柔性电池的器件配置，包括一维纤维状、二维薄膜状和三维结构电池。最后，我们总结了最近在探索柔性电池实际应用方面的努力。还讨论了柔性电池研发的当前挑战和未来机遇。