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Decline of seedling phosphorus use efficiency in the heterotic pool of flint maize breeding lines since the onset of hybrid breeding
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-31 , DOI: 10.1111/jac.12514
Xuelian Li 1 , Melissa Mang 1 , Hans‐Peter Piepho 2 , Albrecht Melchinger 3 , Uwe Ludewig 1
Affiliation  

Improved management and breeding increased maize (Zea mays L.) yields over the last century, but nutritional efficiency was usually not the focus. This study investigates whether old and recently released flint and dent maize seedlings vary in the phosphorus (P) acquisition and utilization. P use efficiency (PUE) and related traits were measured and compared at two P levels in a calcareous soil. PUE and P acquisition efficiency (PAE) from founder flints to elite flints declined over the last decades. This was associated with smaller root systems, reduced ability to exploit external P, decreased rhizosphere pH and shorter root hairs in low P. Comparing flints with doubled haploid landraces (DH_LR), old and elite dents and hybrids revealed that dents started to acquire exogenous P earlier and had improved PUE. Most DH_LRs had similar PUE as elite flints. When evaluating root traits associated with P efficiency, seed P was also critical, and it is important to stack different root traits to optimize PUE, P utilization efficiency (PUtE) and PAE in breeding programmes. The root hair length, the ability to acidify the rhizosphere and the root diameter in flint and dent pools may be utilized to improve P use in maize germplasm.

中文翻译:

自杂交育种开始以来,燧石玉米育种系杂种优势库中幼苗磷利用效率的下降

改进管理和育种增加了玉米(Zea maysL.) 上个世纪的产量,但营养效率通常不是重点。本研究调查了旧的和最近释放的燧石和马齿玉米幼苗在磷 (P) 获取和利用方面是否有所不同。在钙质土壤中的两个磷水平下测量和比较磷的利用效率 (PUE) 和相关性状。在过去的几十年里,从创始人火石到精英火石的 PUE 和 P 获取效率 (PAE) 都在下降。这与较小的根系、利用外部 P 的能力降低、根际 pH 值降低和低 P 下的根毛较短有关。 将燧石与双单倍体地方品种 (DH_LR)、老的和优良的齿痕和杂种进行比较,发现齿痕开始获得外源 P更早,并改善了 PUE。大多数 DH_LR 具有与精英燧石相似的 PUE。在评估与 P 效率相关的根性状时,种子 P 也很重要,重要的是堆叠不同的根性状以优化育种计划中的 PUE、P 利用率 (PUtE) 和 PAE。根毛长度、酸化根际的能力以及燧石和凹痕池中的根直径可用于改善玉米种质中磷的利用。
更新日期:2021-05-31
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