The influence of perioperative red blood cell (RBC) transfusion on prognosis of glioblastoma patients continues to be inconclusive. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between perioperative blood transfusion (PBT) and overall survival (OS) in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. Between 2013 and 2018, 240 patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma underwent surgical resection of intracerebral mass lesion at the authors’ institution. PBT was defined as the transfusion of RBC within 5 days from the day of surgery. The impact of PBT on overall survival was assessed using Kaplan–Meier analysis and multivariate regression analysis. Seventeen out of 240 patients (7%) with newly diagnosed glioblastoma received PBT. The overall median number of blood units transfused was 2 (95% CI 1–6). Patients who received PBT achieved a poorer median OS compared to patients without PBT (7 versus 18 months; p < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis identified “age > 65 years” (p < 0.0001, OR 6.4, 95% CI 3.3–12.3), “STR” (p = 0.001, OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.6–6.1), “unmethylated MGMT status” (p < 0.001, OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.7–6.4), and “perioperative RBC transfusion” (p = 0.01, OR 6.0, 95% CI 1.5–23.4) as significantly and independently associated with 1-year mortality. Perioperative RBC transfusion compromises survival in patients with glioblastoma indicating the need to minimize the use of transfusions at the time of surgery. Obeying evidence-based transfusion guidelines provides an opportunity to reduce transfusion rates in this population with a potentially positive effect on survival.

围手术期输注红细胞 (RBC) 对胶质母细胞瘤患者预后的影响仍无定论。本研究的目的是评估新诊断的胶质母细胞瘤患者围手术期输血 (PBT) 与总生存期 (OS) 之间的关联。2013 年至 2018 年间，240 名新诊断的胶质母细胞瘤患者在作者机构接受了脑内肿块病变的手术切除。PBT被定义为自手术之日起5天内输注红细胞。使用 Kaplan-Meier 分析和多变量回归分析评估 PBT 对总生存期的影响。240 名新诊断的胶质母细胞瘤患者中有 17 名（7%）接受了 PBT。输血单位的总中位数为 2 (95% CI 1-6)。p  < 0.0001)。多变量分析确定“年龄 > 65 岁”（p  < 0.0001，OR 6.4，95% CI 3.3-12.3），“STR”（p  = 0.001，OR 3.2，95% CI 1.6-6.1），“未甲基化 MGMT 状态”（p  < 0.001，OR 3.3，95% CI 1.7-6.4）和“围手术期 RBC 输血”（p  = 0.01，OR 6.0，95% CI 1.5-23.4）与 1 年死亡率显着且独立相关。围手术期 RBC 输血会损害胶质母细胞瘤患者的生存率，这表明需要在手术时尽量减少输血的使用。遵守循证输血指南为降低该人群的输血率提供了机会，并可能对生存产生积极影响。