Purpose of Review

Diabetes can be associated with profound visual loss due to several mechanisms. As the duration of diabetes and blood glucose levels increase, these changes become more severe. The proliferation of new blood vessels, vitreous hemorrhage, and tractional retinal detachments may ultimately result and can be devastating to visual function. New advances, including anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) medications and innovative microsurgical instruments, have provided additional methods for the management of diabetic retinopathy in the clinic and in the operating room, leading to improved outcomes.

Recent Findings

Advances in earlier treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy, especially with anti-VEGF injections, allow for a reduction in severity, improved vision, and more controlled and successful surgery. Modern surgical techniques and instrumentation have also allowed for improved patient outcomes. Future research into sustained delivery and release of anti-VEGF, reducing the need for frequent in-office injections, may prove to be additionally beneficial.

Summary

Over the last decade, anti-VEGF has become an increasingly common treatment modality for the management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy, vitreous hemorrhages, and tractional retinal detachments. Further research is needed to determine the ideal method of delivery and timing of the treatment.

中文翻译：

---

增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变并发症和视力丧失的管理

审查目的

由于多种机制，糖尿病可能与严重的视力丧失有关。随着糖尿病病程和血糖水平的增加，这些变化变得更加严重。新血管的增殖、玻璃体出血和牵引性视网膜脱离可能最终导致并可能对视觉功能造成破坏。新的进展，包括抗血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF) 药物和创新的显微外科器械，为临床和手术室中糖尿病视网膜病变的管理提供了额外的方法，从而改善了结果。

最近的发现

增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变的早期治疗取得进展，尤其是使用抗 VEGF 注射剂，可以减轻严重程度、改善视力，以及更加可控和成功的手术。现代手术技术和仪器也改善了患者的治疗效果。未来对抗 VEGF 的持续递送和释放的研究，减少对办公室内频繁注射的需要，可能会证明是额外的有益的。

概括

在过去十年中，抗 VEGF 已成为治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变、玻璃体出血和牵引性视网膜脱离的一种越来越常见的治疗方式。需要进一步研究以确定理想的分娩方法和治疗时间。