To investigate the cruise samples among 14 stations, it was observed that high nutrients concentration and phytoplankton abundance in stations 13 and 12 pose challenges to related ocean processes and physical parameters such as sea surface temperature (SST), wind action, currents, etc., in the Arabian Sea. Based on this, analysis and interpretation were carried out to compute the Ekman mass transport using satellite-derived wind stress curl and wind speed. Our results showed the upwelling, high nutrient fluxes, and chlorophyll-a bloom was observed in station 13 (8.426 $\mathrm{\mu }$M) and station 12 (7.196 $\mathrm{\mu }$M) with favorable sea surface temperature and wind condition. Our results revealed that the upwelling within these offshore stations 13 and 12 is much greater than in the surrounding regions. The phytoplankton density maxima were around 1874 cell L⁻¹ and 1864 cell L⁻¹ in stations 13 and 12 respectively. Totally 100 species of phytoplankton identified in the present study belonging to three different classes, 68 species of diatoms (Bacillariophyceae), 24 species of dinoflagellates (Dinophyceae), and 8 species of blue–green (Cyanophyceae). Throughout the cruise, the occurrence of the most dominant species was observed from class Bacillariophyceae. The phytoplankton diversity index, species richness, and evenness ranged from 2.13 to 3.79, 1.24 to 6.56, and 0.63 to 0.97 respectively. The observed highest value of chlorophyll-a and nutrients in station 13 was due to the high species composition observed during the cruise. The datasets were analyzed with a statistical approach using Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) to find out the relationship between phytoplankton and physico-chemical parameters. The CCA results inferred that SST, salinity, nutrients have a higher influence on phytoplankton abundance. The correlation revealed chemical parameters such as nitrite, nitrate, silicate, IP, DO and ammonia showed significant positive correlations with biological productivity of chlorophyll-a concentrations and negative correlations with salinity and sea surface temperature along with Ekman mass transport.

为了调查 14 个站点的巡航样本，观察到 13 和 12 站点的高营养物质浓度和浮游植物丰度对相关海洋过程和物理参数（如海面温度（SST）、风作用、洋流等）构成挑战，在阿拉伯海。在此基础上，利用卫星导出的风应力旋度和风速进行分析和解释，以计算埃克曼质量传输。我们的结果表明，在 13 号站 (8.426$\mathrm{\mu }$M) 和 12 号站 (7.196 $\mathrm{\mu }$M) 具有有利的海面温度和风况。我们的结果表明，这些近海站 13 和 12 内的上升流比周边地区大得多。浮游植物密度最大值约为 1874 细胞 L ^-1和 1864 细胞 L ^-1分别在 13 号和 12 号站。本研究共鉴定出浮游植物100种，分属于三个不同的纲，其中硅藻（芽孢杆菌科）68种，甲藻（甲藻科）24种，蓝藻（蓝藻）8种。在整个巡航过程中，从芽孢杆菌科中观察到了最主要的物种的出现。浮游植物多样性指数、物种丰富度和均匀度分别为2.13~3.79、1.24~6.56和0.63~0.97。叶绿素的所观察到的最高值一13 号站的营养物质是由于巡航期间观察到的高物种组成。使用典型对应分析 (CCA) 的统计方法对数据集进行分析，以找出浮游植物与物理化学参数之间的关系。CCA 结果推断 SST、盐度、营养物质对浮游植物丰度的影响更大。相关性揭示了亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐、硅酸盐、IP、DO 和氨等化学参数与叶绿素a浓度的生物生产力显着正相关，与盐度和海面温度以及 Ekman 质量传输呈负相关。