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Contribution of non-selective membrane channels and receptors in epilepsy
Pharmacology & Therapeutics ( IF 13.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-03 , DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107980
Claudia García-Rodríguez 1 , Iván D Bravo-Tobar 1 , Yorley Duarte 2 , Luis C Barrio 3 , Juan C Sáez 1
Affiliation  

Overcoming refractory epilepsy's resistance to the combination of antiepileptic drugs (AED), mitigating side effects, and preventing sudden unexpected death in epilepsy are critical goals for therapy of this disorder. Current therapeutic strategies are based primarily on neurocentric mechanisms, overlooking the participation of astrocytes and microglia in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. This review is focused on a set of non-selective membrane channels (permeable to ions and small molecules), including channels and ionotropic receptors of neurons, astrocytes, and microglia, such as: the hemichannels formed by Cx43 and Panx1; the purinergic P2X7 receptors; the transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV1 and TRPV4) channels; calcium homeostasis modulators (CALHMs); transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels; transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) channels; voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs) and volume-regulated anion channels (VRACs), which all have in common being activated by epileptic activity and the capacity to exacerbate seizure intensity. Specifically, we highlight evidence for the activation of these channels/receptors during epilepsy including neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, discuss signaling pathways and feedback mechanisms, and propose the functions of each of them in acute and chronic epilepsy. Studying the role of these non-selective membrane channels in epilepsy and identifying appropriate blockers for one or more of them could provide complementary therapies to better alleviate the disease.



中文翻译:

非选择性膜通道和受体在癫痫中的作用

克服难治性癫痫对抗癫痫药物 (AED) 联合用药的耐药性、减轻副作用和预防癫痫猝死是治疗该疾病的关键目标。目前的治疗策略主要基于神经中心机制,忽略了星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞在癫痫病理生理学中的参与。本综述重点关注一组非选择性膜通道(可渗透离子和小分子),包括神经元、星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞的通道和离子型受体,例如:由 Cx43 和 Panx1 形成的半通道;嘌呤能 P2X7 受体;瞬时受体电位类香草素(TRPV1 和 TRPV4)通道;钙稳态调节剂(CALHMs);瞬时受体电位规范 (TRPC) 通道;瞬时受体电位黑色素 (TRPM) 通道;电压依赖性阴离子通道 (VDAC) 和容量调节阴离子通道 (VRAC),它们的共同点都是被癫痫活动激活并具有加剧癫痫发作强度的能力。具体来说,我们强调了这些通道/受体在癫痫期间激活的证据,包括神经炎症和氧化应激,讨论了信号通路和反馈机制,并提出了它们在急性和慢性癫痫中的作用。研究这些非选择性膜通道在癫痫中的作用并为其中一种或多种确定合适的阻滞剂可以提供补充疗法以更好地缓解疾病。它们的共同点是被癫痫活动激活并且能够加剧癫痫发作强度。具体来说,我们强调了这些通道/受体在癫痫期间激活的证据,包括神经炎症和氧化应激,讨论了信号通路和反馈机制,并提出了它们在急性和慢性癫痫中的作用。研究这些非选择性膜通道在癫痫中的作用并为其中一种或多种确定合适的阻滞剂可以提供补充疗法以更好地缓解疾病。它们的共同点是被癫痫活动激活并且能够加剧癫痫发作强度。具体来说,我们强调了这些通道/受体在癫痫期间激活的证据,包括神经炎症和氧化应激,讨论了信号通路和反馈机制,并提出了它们在急性和慢性癫痫中的作用。研究这些非选择性膜通道在癫痫中的作用并为其中一种或多种确定合适的阻滞剂可以提供补充疗法以更好地缓解疾病。讨论信号通路和反馈机制,并提出它们各自在急性和慢性癫痫中的作用。研究这些非选择性膜通道在癫痫中的作用并为其中一种或多种确定合适的阻滞剂可以提供补充疗法以更好地缓解疾病。讨论信号通路和反馈机制,并提出它们各自在急性和慢性癫痫中的作用。研究这些非选择性膜通道在癫痫中的作用并为其中一种或多种确定合适的阻滞剂可以提供补充疗法以更好地缓解疾病。

更新日期:2021-09-03
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