Saline-alkali land is distributed all over the world, and it affects the economic development of fisheries. The alkalinity in water is related to the accumulation of carbonate, so the is generally higher. To understand how alkalinity impacts the immune response in Luciobarbus capito, we performed transcriptomic profiles for spleen, the immune organ of Luciobarbus capito which were underwent alkalinity exposure. Totally there are 47,727,954, 53,987,820 and 51,398,546 high quality clean reads obtained from the control groups, and 46,996,982, 49,650,460 and 45,964,986 clean reads from the alkalinity exposure groups. Among them, 611 genes were differently expressed, including 534 upregulated and 77 down-regulated genes. The identified genes were enriched using databases of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). It was found that differentially expressed genes in Luciobarbus capito spleen tissue were enriched into 14 GO pathways, and differentially expressed genes in Luciobarbus capito spleen were enriched into 25 corresponding KEGG pathways under alkalinity stress. Inflammation and immune function genes and pathways were identified and validated by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Our results showed that alkalinity exposure leads to inflammation and immunoregulation in spleen of Luciobarbus capito. These results provide new insights for unveiling the biological effects of alkalinity in Luciobarbus capito.

盐碱地分布于世界各地，影响着渔业的经济发展。水中的碱度与碳酸盐的积累有关，所以一般较高。为了了解碱度如何影响Luciobarbus capito的免疫反应，我们对脾脏进行了转录组学分析，脾脏是Luciobarbus capito的免疫器官那些经历了碱暴露。总共有47,727,954、53,987,820和51,398,546个来自对照组的高质量clean read，46,996,982、49,650,460和45,964,986个来自碱度暴露组的clean read。其中，差异表达基因611个，上调基因534个，下调基因77个。使用基因本体论（GO）和京都基因和基因组百科全书（KEGG）数据库对鉴定的基因进行了富集。结果发现, 头鲳脾组织中差异表达基因富集到14条GO通路,头头鲳中差异表达基因脾脏在碱度胁迫下富集到 25 条相应的 KEGG 通路中。通过定量实时 RT-PCR 鉴定和验证炎症和免疫功能基因和途径。我们的研究结果表明，碱度暴露会导致Luciobarbus capito脾脏的炎症和免疫调节。这些结果为揭示Luciobarbus capito中碱度的生物学效应提供了新的见解。