Intrauterine inflammation affects fetal development of the nervous system and may cause prenatal brain injury in offspring. Previously, neural stem cells have been extensively used as a therapeutic choice for nervous system diseases. Recently, the therapeutic ability of conditioned medium, harvested from cultured stem cells, has captured the attention of researchers in the field. Our study aimed to compare the therapeutic effect of neural stem cells (NSCs) or NSC-conditioned medium (NSC-CM) after prenatal brain injury. The animal model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide into the pregnant mice and NSCs or NSC-CM were transplanted into the lateral ventricle of embryos in treatment groups. Inflammation and apoptosis were evaluated postpartum in offspring via measuring the expression of NLRP3 gene and protein, the expression and the activity of caspase-3, and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines by real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry, western blotting, ELISA, and colorimetric assay kit. A rotarod test was performed for motor function evaluation. Data showed that although NSC-CM fought against the inflammation and apoptosis and improved the motor function, NSCs acted more efficiently. In conclusion, the results of our study contend that NSCs have a better therapeutic effect than CM in prenatal brain injury.

宫内炎症影响胎儿神经系统的发育，并可能导致后代产前脑损伤。以前，神经干细胞已被广泛用作神经系统疾病的治疗选择。最近，从培养的干细胞中提取的条件培养基的治疗能力引起了该领域研究人员的关注。我们的研究旨在比较产前脑损伤后神经干细胞（NSCs）或NSC条件培养基（NSC-CM）的治疗效果。腹腔注射脂多糖诱导动物模型，治疗组将NSCs或NSC-CM移植到胚胎侧脑室。通过测量 NLRP3 基因和蛋白的表达，评估产后后代的炎症和细胞凋亡，通过实时荧光定量PCR、免疫组化、蛋白质印迹、ELISA和比色测定试剂盒检测caspase-3的表达和活性，以及​​促炎细胞因子的表达。进行了旋转棒测试以评估运动功能。数据显示，虽然 NSC-CM 可以对抗炎症和细胞凋亡并改善运动功能，但 NSC 的作用更有效。总之，我们的研究结果认为，NSCs 在产前脑损伤中的治疗效果优于 CM。NSC 的行动更有效。总之，我们的研究结果认为，NSCs 在产前脑损伤中的治疗效果优于 CM。NSC 的行动更有效。总之，我们的研究结果认为，NSCs 在产前脑损伤中的治疗效果优于 CM。