Lavandula stoechas L. (Lamiaceae) is an attractive shrub native to the Mediterranean regions used for ornamental, melliferous, aromatic and medicinal purposes. Furthermore, this species presents an increasing interest in cosmetics, perfumery and pharmaceutical industries. The variability of qualitative and quantitative metabolic traits among nine wild germplasms representing the distribution area of this species in Tunisia was undertaken. A total of 45 essential oil components were identified in the aerial parts of the studied germplasms. The main essential oil components were camphor (15.32–50.63%), fenchone (6.57–34.70%), 1,8-cineole (0.05–13.45%) and γ-gurjunene (1.10–12.15%). In addition to the well known chemotypes camphor/fenchone and camphor/1.8-cineole, a new chemotype camphor/γ-gurjunene was detected in Tunisian L. stoechas L. Six phenolic acids (quinic acid, gallic acid, p-coumaric acid, 4,5-di-O-caffeoyquinic acid, salviolinic acid and trans cinnamic acid) and five flavonoids (luteolin-7-o-glucoside, naringin, apegenin-7-o-glucoside, quercetin and kampherol) were identified in the ethanolic extracts. Salviolinic acid (46.30–615.18 μg/g) and luteolin-7-o-glucoside (5.98–38.54 μg/g) were the most abundant phenolic compounds. A high significant phytochemical variability (p ˂ 0.01) in the accumulation of volatile and phenolic secondary metabolites among the studied germplasms was recorded. The conducted multivariate (PCA) and clustering (HCA) analyses revealed different classification pattern for essential oil and phenolic compounds. The detected phytochemical polymorphism among the investigated lavender ecotypes didn't show accordance with bioclimatic and geographical areas which suggests genetic background as the main explaining factor. The detected secondary metabolites polymorphism valorises Tunisian L. stoechas L. genetic resources as valuable plant material in further breeding programs. Moreover, an urgent in situ and ex situ conservation measures are required for these wild germplasms threatened by human over-harvesting practices and the occurring dramatic changes in climatic conditions.

Lavandula stoechas L. (唇形科) 是一种原产于地中海地区的有吸引力的灌木，用于观赏、芳香、芳香和药用。此外，该物种在化妆品、香水和制药行业中表现出越来越大的兴趣。研究了代表该物种在突尼斯分布区的九种野生种质之间的定性和定量代谢性状的变异性。在所研究种质的地上部分共鉴定出 45 种精油成分。主要精油成分是樟脑 (15.32–50.63%)、茴香酮 (6.57–34.70%)、1,8-桉树脑 (0.05–13.45%) 和 γ-古朱烯 (1.10–12.15%)。除了众所周知的樟脑/茴香酮和樟脑/1.8-桉树脑化学型外，在突尼斯L. stoechas 中检测到了一种新的化学型樟脑/γ-gurjuneneL. 六种酚酸（奎尼酸、没食子酸、对香豆酸、4,5-二-O-咖啡奎宁酸、丹酚酸和反式肉桂酸）和五种黄酮类（木犀草素-7-o-葡萄糖苷、柚皮苷、芹菜素） -7-o-葡萄糖苷、槲皮素和甘草酚）在乙醇提取物中得到鉴定。丹酚酸 (46.30–615.18 µg/g) 和木犀草素-7-o-葡萄糖苷 (5.98–38.54 µg/g) 是最丰富的酚类化合物。高度显着的植物化学变异性 ( p˂ 0.01) 在所研究种质中挥发性和酚类次生代谢物的积累中被记录。进行的多变量 (PCA) 和聚类 (HCA) 分析揭示了精油和酚类化合物的不同分类模式。在调查的薰衣草生态型中检测到的植物化学多态性与生物气候和地理区域不符，这表明遗传背景是主要解释因素。检测到的次生代谢物多态性使突尼斯L. stoechas L. 遗传资源成为进一步育种计划中的宝贵植物材料。此外，紧急就地和异地 需要对这些受到人类过度采伐做法和气候条件发生的剧烈变化威胁的野生种质采取保护措施。