The scientific community has been doing significant efforts towards engineering new 3D bone models in recent years. Osteocytes are mechanosensitive cells that play significant roles in the maintenance of bone homeostasis. Currently, as far as we know, there are no 3D models that faithfully recapitulate a bone microenvironment capable of promoting the differentiation of osteoblasts towards osteocytes. Besides, in the existing models, the use of human cells does not prevail over the animal cell lines. For so, we propose a 3D model that may have important implications for ongoing efforts towards a better understanding of bone physiology and disease. The main aim of the current work was the promotion of an effective differentiation of osteoblasts into osteocytes by mean of using a 3D model composed of primary human osteoblasts (hOBs) cultured on Gellan Gum-Hydroxyapatite (GG-HAp) matrix under a long-term osteogenic culture. The results revealed that GG-HAp matrix stimulated a fast cell migration/entrapment, attachment, spreading, and mineralization. Moreover, the transition process from osteoblasts to osteocytes was confirmed by the expression of the osteogenic-related (ALP, Runx2, COL I, OC, OPN and OSX) and osteocyte-related (hPDPN) marker throughout the culture time. Overall, the developed 3D model holds a great promise for the treatment of various bone diseases, namely on diagnostic applications and for bone regeneration purposes.

近年来，科学界一直在努力设计新的 3D 骨骼模型。骨细胞是机械敏感细胞，在维持骨稳态中发挥重要作用。目前，据我们所知，还没有 3D 模型能够忠实地再现能够促进成骨细胞向骨细胞分化的骨微环境。此外，在现有模型中，人类细胞的使用并不优于动物细胞系。为此，我们提出了一个 3D 模型，该模型可能对更好地了解骨骼生理学和疾病的持续努力具有重要意义。目前工作的主要目的是通过使用由在结冷胶-羟基磷灰石 (GG-HAp) 基质上长期培养的原代人成骨细胞 (hOB) 组成的 3D 模型促进成骨细胞向骨细胞的有效分化。成骨培养。结果表明，GG-HAp 基质刺激了快速的细胞迁移/捕获、附着、扩散和矿化。此外，从成骨细胞到骨细胞的转变过程通过成骨相关（ALP、Runx2、COL I、OC、OPN 和 OSX）和骨细胞相关（hPDPN）标记在整个培养时间内的表达得到证实。总体而言，开发的 3D 模型在治疗各种骨骼疾病方面具有很大的前景，即诊断应用和骨骼再生目的。