Ethnobotanical studies on plants and their active compounds take a great interest in traditional medicine. After pharmacological and toxicological studies, there will be a possibility to be used in therapy. This study aimed to examine the in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of the methanol extracts of Arbutus andrachne L. and Euphorbia rigida M.Bieb. 10, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 150 µg mL−1 concentrations of A. andrachne and E. rigida were tested for antioxidant activity by using DPPH radical scavenging assays, total antioxidant capacity (phosphomolybdate assay) and and metal ion chelating activity. In addition, in vitro cytotoxic effects of this plants methanol extracts on Hep3B and HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines were evaluated at 24, 48 and 72 h. The cytotoxicity test was carried using the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay. Methanol extract obtained from both plants showed increased antioxidant activity depending on the increase in concentration. When A. andrachne and E. rigida methanol extracts were compared in free DPPH scavenging activity, total antioxidant capacity and metal ion chelating activity, A. andrachne methanol extract was found more effective than E. rigida. Results from MTT assay revealed that except for 72 h treatment of HepG2 cells with 400 and 500 µgmL−1 extract concentrations, A. andrachne methanol extract did not show significant cytotoxic effects on either Hep3B or HepG2 cells at any concentration and treatment time. On the contrary, it significantly increased proliferation in Hep3B cells from 48 h and at a concentration of 100 µg mL−1. E. rigida methanol extract exhibited statistically significant cytotoxic activity on HepG2 cells after 48 and 72 h treatment. However, the treatment concentrations of E. rigida methanol extract were not as effective on Hep3B cells as on HepG2 cells. According to our findings, it was determined that A. andrachne methanol extract did not have cytotoxic activity on neither Hep3B nor HepG2 cells, while E. rigida methanol extract had cytotoxic activity especially on HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Further research is needed to identify and purify the active ingredients in E. rigida extracts.

中文翻译：

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体外评估大戟和杨梅甲醇提取物在人肝癌细胞系中的抗氧化和细胞毒性效力

对植物及其活性化合物的民族植物学研究对传统医学产生了极大的兴趣。经过药理毒理研究，才有可能用于治疗。本研究旨在检测杨梅和大戟属植物甲醇提取物的体外抗氧化和细胞毒活性。通过使用 DPPH 自由基清除试验、总抗氧化能力（磷钼酸盐试验）和金属离子螯合活性，测试了 10、25、50、75、100 和 150 µg mL-1 浓度的雄蕊草和刚毛蕊花的抗氧化活性。此外，在 24、48 和 72 小时评估了这种植物甲醇提取物对 Hep3B 和 HepG2 人肝细胞癌细胞系的体外细胞毒作用。使用 MTT [3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2, 5-二苯基溴化四唑]测定。从两种植物中获得的甲醇提取物显示出随着浓度的增加而增加的抗氧化活性。当比较安德拉草甲醇提取物的游离 DPPH 清除活性、总抗氧化能力和金属离子螯合活性时，发现安德拉草甲醇提取物比刚玉甲醇提取物更有效。MTT 测定结果显示，除了用 400 和 500 µgmL-1 提取物浓度处理 HepG2 细胞 72 小时外，雄性曲霉甲醇提取物在任何浓度和处理时间均未对 Hep3B 或 HepG2 细胞显示出显着的细胞毒性作用。相反，它在 48 小时和 100 µg mL-1 的浓度下显着增加了 Hep3B 细胞的增殖。E. 在 48 和 72 小时处理后，刚玉甲醇提取物对 HepG2 细胞表现出统计学上显着的细胞毒活性。然而，E.rigida 甲醇提取物的处理浓度对 Hep3B 细胞不如对 HepG2 细胞有效。根据我们的研究结果，确定雄蕊草甲醇提取物对 Hep3B 和 HepG2 细胞都没有细胞毒活性，而刚玉甲醇提取物具有细胞毒活性，尤其是对 HepG2 肝细胞癌细胞。需要进一步研究来鉴定和纯化刚玉提取物中的活性成分。Andrachne 甲醇提取物对 Hep3B 和 HepG2 细胞都没有细胞毒活性，而 E.rigida 甲醇提取物具有细胞毒活性，尤其是对 HepG2 肝细胞癌细胞。需要进一步研究来鉴定和纯化刚玉提取物中的活性成分。Andrachne 甲醇提取物对 Hep3B 和 HepG2 细胞都没有细胞毒活性，而 E.rigida 甲醇提取物具有细胞毒活性，尤其是对 HepG2 肝细胞癌细胞。需要进一步研究来鉴定和纯化刚玉提取物中的活性成分。