The fruits of Cordia dichotoma G. Forst. (Boraginaceae) are commonly used as medicinal material to treat various ailments. In this paper, we performed bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation of bioactive constituents from the 80 % ethanol ultrasonic extracts of C. dichotoma fruits. The preliminary bioassay revealed that the ethyl acetate fraction (EA) of the extract exhibited stronger antioxidant: 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (ABTS) with half inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) = 6.71 ± 0.46 μg/mL, 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) with IC₅₀ = 34.18 ± 0.52 μg/mL, Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) with the value of 134.35 ± 2.01 μmol Fe²⁺/100 g) and antimicrobial (Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus with the inhibition zones of 10.0, 9.0, and 12.0 mm, respectively) activities than other fractions. The EA fraction was further fractionated by silica gel column chromatography, and 45 compounds including 40 phenolics were isolated by various column chromatography and identified by spectroscopic data analysis. Among them, 41 compounds were isolated for the first time from C. dichotoma, including three previously undescribed phenolic derivatives. Most of the compounds showed significant antioxidant activity. Part of the individual compounds showed moderate or weak antimicrobial activity. And some compounds showed moderate antiviral activity (with IC₅₀ = 12.84–115.56 μg/mL) to influenza virus A/Hanfang/359/95(H3N2). Additionally, the structure-activity relationships of phenolic compounds were discussed systematically. Furthermore, the bioactivity contributions of individual compounds to fractions were discussed based on LC–MS and HPLC analysis. The results indicated that C. dichotoma fruits were a potential source of bioactive phenolic compounds, and the fruits extract could be applied as a preservative in food industry because of its potent antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.

Cordia dichotoma G. Forst的果实。（紫草科）常被用作治疗各种疾病的药材。在本文中，我们对双歧杆菌果实的 80% 乙醇超声提取物进行了生物测定引导的分馏和生物活性成分的分离。初步生物测定表明，提取物的乙酸乙酯级分 (EA) 表现出更强的抗氧化剂：2,2'-二苯基-1-苦基肼 (ABTS)，半抑制浓度 (IC ₅₀ ) = 6.71 ± 0.46 μg /mL, 2 ,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)，IC ₅₀ = 34.18 ± 0.52 μ g/mL，铁还原抗氧化能力 (FRAP)，Fe值为 134.35 ± 2.01 μ mol²⁺ /100 g) 和抗微生物剂（白色念珠菌、大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌，抑制区分别为 10.0、9.0 和 12.0 mm）活性比其他级分高。EA馏分通过硅胶柱层析进一步分离，包括40个酚类在内的45种化合物通过各种柱层析分离并通过光谱数据分析进行鉴定。其中，41 种化合物是首次从双歧杆菌中分离得到，包括三种以前未描述的酚类衍生物。大多数化合物显示出显着的抗氧化活性。部分个别化合物表现出中等或微弱的抗菌活性。并且一些化合物表现出中等的抗病毒活性（IC₅₀ = 12.84–115.56 μ g/mL) 到流感病毒 A/Hanfang/359/95(H3N2)。此外，还系统地讨论了酚类化合物的构效关系。此外，基于 LC-MS 和 HPLC 分析讨论了单个化合物对馏分的生物活性贡献。结果表明，C. dichotoma果实是生物活性酚类化合物的潜在来源，果实提取物因其强大的抗氧化和抗菌活性可用作食品工业的防腐剂。