Lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) have led to a growing number of studies focusing on electrochemiluminescence (ECL) due to their excellent optical characteristics, making them promising candidates as ECL emitters for high performance. However, because of their ionic salt nature, PNCs even protected by ligands will be dissolved rapidly in polar solvents as electrolytes. Meanwhile, the contact of interfaces among PNCs, the electrode, and the electrolyte (three-phase interface) is required to guarantee effective carrier transfer and sufficient excited-state species, leading to stable ECL signals and ultrasensitivity. Herein, a fast and convenient preparation method is first proposed for fabricating abundant three-phase interfaces by anchoring CsPbBr₃ PNCs to graphene oxide (GO) functionalized with amino groups, which stabilizes the PNC structure and provides carrier transfer pathways. Consequently, the GO-assisted CsPbBr₃ PNC three-phase interfaces exhibit brilliant ECL intensity in acetonitrile containing 10 mM tripropylamine (TPrA) and remain stable after more than 1 h continuous cyclic potential scans with an RSD of 6%. Finally, the method has been applied to detect cupric oleate with the detection limit down to the attomolar (10^–18 M) level. This work further validates the vital role of interface state in PNCs’ ECL response and has potential in ultrasensitive analysis.

中文翻译：

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氧化石墨烯辅助 CsPbBr3 钙钛矿纳米晶体的稳定电化学发光用于超灵敏传感

卤化铅钙钛矿纳米晶体 (PNC) 由于其优异的光学特性，导致越来越多的研究关注电化学发光 (ECL)，这使它们成为具有高性能的 ECL 发射器的有希望的候选者。然而，由于它们的离子盐性质，即使被配体保护的 PNCs 也会作为电解质迅速溶解在极性溶剂中。同时，PNCs、电极和电解质之间的界面（三相界面）需要保证有效的载流子转移和足够的激发态物种，从而产生稳定的ECL信号和超灵敏度。在此，首次提出了一种快速方便的制备方法，通过锚定 CsPbBr ₃来制备丰富的三相界面。PNC 到用氨基官能化的氧化石墨烯 (GO)，可稳定 PNC 结构并提供载流子转移途径。因此，GO 辅助的 CsPbBr ₃ PNC 三相界面在含有 10 mM 三丙胺 (TPrA) 的乙腈中表现出出色的 ECL 强度，并且在超过 1 小时的连续循环电位扫描后保持稳定，RSD 为 6%。最后，该方法已用于检测油酸铜，其检测限低至 attomolar (10 ^–18 M) 水平。这项工作进一步验证了界面态在 PNC 的 ECL 响应中的重要作用，并具有超灵敏分析的潜力。